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Chapter 1 vocab for Anatomy Physiology
Homeostasis
Condition in which all of the body systems are working together to maintain internal stability
Anatomy
Study of the structure and shape of the body and labeling
Organism
A living thing
Atoms
Tiny building blocks of matter that make up our molecules and combine to form molecules
Cells
Smallest unit of all living things (Made up of molecules)
Tissues
Group of similar cells that have common function
Organs
Structure composed of two or more tissue types
Integumentary System
External covering of the body (skin, hair, fingernails)
Skeletal System
Consists of bones, cartilages, joints, it support the body, and creates movement
Muscular System
Formed from skeletal muscles, contracts and shortens the body
Nervous System
Send messages to rest of the body, and is the body’s fast acting control system
Endocrine System
Organs that produce hormones (Glands)
Cardiovascular System
Uses blood as a carrier to the system delivers oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and other substance and gets rid of waste
Lymphatic System
Prevent diseases (immune), remove waste and excess fluids
Respiratory System
Keeps the body supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Digestion
Process of breaking ingested food physically and chemically and can be absorbed into the blood
Digestive System
Process of preparing food physically and chemically
Urinary System
Filters blood, excess ions and waste
Reproductive System
Produce offspring
Irritability
Ability to sense changes in environment and react to them
Gross Anatomy
Large structures of the body, that we can see and studying the body, shape, and naming
Microscopic Anatomy
Very small structures of the body we can only see through a microscope, and studying body, shape and naming
Metabolism
Every chemical process that occur in a living organism
Nutrients
What the body takes in through food that contain chemicals used for energy and cell building
Frontal Section (Coranal Section)
Cut along lengthwise plane that divides the organ/body into Anterior and Posterior parts
Transverse/Cross Section
cut horizontal plane that dividing the body into superior and inferior parts
Effector
Provides the means for the control centers response
Efferent Pathway
Information flows from control center to the effector
Control Center
Determines the set point at when a variable is to maintained
Negative Feedback
Control mechanism responds to shut off original stimulus or reduce intensity
Receptor
Type of sensor that monitors and responds to changes in environment
Positive Feedback
Mechanism that are rare because they increase original stimulus and push variable father from original value
Sagittal Section
Cut that separates the body into right and left parts
Midsagittal Section
Cut down the median plane of the body into equal left and right parts
Viscera
Internal Organs in the main cavities of the body
Growth
Increase in cell size, body size, by an increase in number of cells
Oblique Section
Cut by plane at angle other than 90 degrees
Note 
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