PSY219 Exam 3

Traditional psychotherapy has its origins in Western Europe and can be traced to __, the father of psychoanalysis

Sigmund Freud

According to Sue et al. (2009), which of the following characteristics must be possessed by every counselor?

Cultural knowledge

What is a true statement about aggression

Culture plays an important role in contributing to aggression

__ refers to the tendency to prejudge others on the basis of their group membership

Prejudice

In the context of mare selection, attracting someone who is already in a romantic relationship with someone else is called:

Mate poaching

__ are the inferences people make about the causes of events or behaviors, their own as well as others

Attributions

One of the commonalities shared by indigenous healing is:

the incorporation of traditional, spiritual, and religious beliefs as part of the treatment

The reduced utilization of mental health services by Native Americans may be the result of cultural beliefs that:

Sickness come from disharmony with one's community, nature, and spiritual world

In the context of cultural limitations of psychotherapy, a __ culture considers possession and divination as effective healing system

Cosmocentric

__ refers to a tendency to explain the behaviors of others using internal attributions but to explain one's own behaviors using external attributions

Fundamental attribution error

The ADHD Working Group published a consensus statement arguing that attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a valid disorder found in both developed and developing cultures, that it has a neurobiological basis, and that it is unrecognized, underdiagnosed, and subsequently, left untreated in many countries

True

__ are an important aspect of psychological and physical healing for some Latino communities, and it may be the case that only when such measured fail to help are mental health professionals acknowledged

Prayers

__ include individuals with a history of shared experiences and an anticipated future that produce a sense of intimacy, familiarity, and trust

Ingroups

__ is the most widely observed cultural symptoms of distress, and has been identified in several countries in Asia (Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand)

Amok

Depressive disorder is characterized by physical changes, motivational changes, as well as emotional and behavioral changes

True

An important lesson from the concept of cultural syndromes of distress is that it is necessary to consider cultural values, beliefs, practices, and social situations in determining how to help someone who is suffering

True

Identify a true statement on the use of societal norms as a criterion for defining abnormality

Our notions of what is socially deviant changes over time

Many cross-cultural scholars argue that we can understand and identify abnormality only if we that the cultural context into account

True

For Native American clients, more __ interventions are preferred over client-centered or reflective therapy

directive and strategic

What is true of stereotypes

Stereotypes based on some degree of factual observation are called sociotypes

In the context of treating people from various cultural backgrounds, what is true?

The way in which counselors convey respect to their clients is culturally determined

What is true of the study that compared European and Asian Americans who were depressed with nondepressed people from the same cultural backgrounds, to gauge their emotional reactions to happy and sad films?

The results showed that there were no differences between depressed and nondepressed individuals when watchin the happy film

__ refers to the process of forming impressions of others. This includes judgements of appearance, attractiveness, personality traits, and even recognizing others

Person perception

Although matching may be beneficial in the therapy process, it may not be essential for effective counseling

True

Which of the following best defines acculturation?

It is the process by which people adapt to an adopt a different cultural system

What criticisms led to the addition of a list of 25 "culture-bound syndromes" to the DSM-IV?

Cross-cultural psychiatrists argued that the DSM-III ignored that importance of a patient's cultural background

Define conformity

It refers to yielding to real of imagined social pressure

Reliability refers to the degree to which the same diagnoses would be made consistently over time and by different clinicians

True

In the context of cultural syndromes of distress, __ is an altered state of consciousness observed among Ethiopian immigrants to Israel

Zar

Validity refers to the degree to which the diagnosis accurately portrays the clinical disorder it is supposed to describe

True

There is a common misperception that schizophrenia refers to having multiple or split personalities, due partly to the term schizophrenia which means __

Split mind

An approach to defining abnormality focuses on whether an individual's behavior is associated with impairment, inefficiency, deviance, or subjective distress when carrying our customary roles

True

One of the goals of psychotherapy is to help people to become more functional within their society, and functionality itself is __ determined

Culturally

__ is defined as yielding to social pressure in one's public behavior even though one's private beliefs may not have changed

Compliance