HOSA CPR/FA - RCE

Adult Out of Hospital Chain of Survival - AHA

Activation of EMS - High Quality CPR - Defibrillation - Advanced Resuscitation - Post Cardiac Arrest Care - Recovery

Adult Out of Hospital Chain of Survival - ARC

Recognition of Cardiac Emergency and Activation of EMS - Early High Quality CPR - Early Defibrillation - Advanced Life Support - Integrated Post-Cardiac Arrest Care - Recovery

Adult In-Hospital Chain of Survival - AHA

Early Recognition and Prevention - Activation of EMS - High Quality CPR - Defibrillation - Post-Cardiac Arrest Care - Recovery

Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Chain of Survival - AHA

Prevention - Activation of EMS - High Quality CPR - Advanced Resuscitation - Post-Cardiac Arrest Care - Recovery

Pediatric Out-of-Hospital Chain of Survival - ARC

Prevention - EMS - High-quality CPR - Pediatric advanced life support - post-cardiac arrest care - recovery

Pediatric In-Hospital Chain of Survival - AHA

Recognition and Prevention - Advanced EMS - High Quality CPR - Advanced Resuscitation - Post Cardiac Arrest Care - Recovery

Pediatric In-Hospital Chain of Survival - ARC

Surveillance - Recognition and EMS - CPR - Pediatric life support - Post cardiac arrest care - Recovery

Compression to breath rate, compression depth, and hand technique for 1 rescuer (ADULT)

30:2, 100-120 compressions/min

At least 2in (5cm) (2-2.4in)

-Two hands positioned in the center of the chest

Compression to breath rate, compression depth, and hand technique for 1 rescuer (Pediatrics)

30:2, 100-120 bpm

1/3 of the chest or 2in

most kids - 2 hands

smaller kid - 1 hand

Compression to breath rate, compression depth, and hand technique for 2 rescuer (Pediatrics)

15:2, 100-120 bpm

1/3 of chest or 2 inches

most kids - 2 hands

smaller kid - 1 hand

Compression to breath rate, compression depth, and hand technique for 1 rescuer and 2 rescuer (INFANT)

1 rescuer - 30:2

-two fingers

2 rescuer - 15:2

-thumb encircling

Both 100-120 bpm

1/3 of chest (1.5 inches)

AED procedure

1. OPEN case

2. POWER on the aed

3. ATTACH the pads

4. CLEAR - Send shock

CAB stands for

compressions, airway, breath

ABC stands for

airway breathing circulation

types of breath devices used

pocket mask and bag mask

when do we use rescue breaths?

pulse is present, but not breathing/agonal gasps

when do we use recovery position

responsive but not fully awake patient

what are spacers and what are they used for?

helps push medicine past the throat and more effectively into the lung

if you get chemicals in your eyes, what position should you lean?

lean the outer corner towards the ground so gravity will make the chemical flow away from your face and not contaminate your other eye

for a patient with a sucking chest wound, how should you lay your patient? What side should the injury be on (like floor or what)?

What are the raised firm things on the skin in syphilis?

papules (painless sores in the primary stage)

what is the highly infectious skin disease with white scales?

psoiraresis

for a drowining patient, where should you throw the ring buoy

farther than anticipated to drowning person so that it can be pulled back into their grasp

how many more bandages does a class B first aid kit have compared to a class A kit

Class A FA: 16 bandages

Class B FA: 50 bandages

= 34 more bandages

what muscle extends and adducts the lower arm

triceps brachii

what is the thalamus and what does it do

brain part that consciously recognizes PAIN and TEMP

diastole

relaxation period where heart refills with blood

systole

heart contraction phase/pumping blood

transparent part of sclera that lets light rays enter

cornea

what is the person experiencing when they're showing signs of poor perfusion and has a heart rate less than 60 bpm?

SHOCK

how to treat shock?

Elevate feet 12 inches to increase blood flow to organ

1. Eliminate cause of shock

2. Improve circulation to brain/heart

3. Give adequate oxygen suply

4. Maintain body temp

5. Lay person and elevate legs 12 inches unless injury - DONT MOVE HEAD

What to do if a person is UNCONSCIOUS and is in shock?

Repeat steps to treat shock on a conscious person, and also:

1. Begin CPR

2. Loosen tight clothing

3. Cover with a blanket to prevent a temperature drop

How many grams of sugar should you feed a diabetic in the event of an emergency?

20 grams of sugar

Examples of food that have the exact amount of sugar to feed a diabetic

1. 7 oz of orange juice

2. 14 oz of milk

3. 20-25 skittles

4. 2 fruit rolls

5. 10-20 jelly beans

When would you call the EMS FIRST when witnessing an unconscious person? (including situations for adults and pediatric patients)

- ALWAYS call EMS first for adult for every situation

-Call EMS for pediatric IF witnessed collapsed

How long do you check for pulse and breaths?

5 seconds, no more than 10

How long do you resume CPR after administering an AED

within 10 seconds

In what time interval do you check for a pulse when giving rescue breaths?

every 2 minutes

What is an agonal gasp and what is it a sign of?

Wheezing, moaning, or short breaths, NOT FULL BREATHS, means no breathing and possible respiratory/cardiac arrest

what are the 3 pulses and who do you check for each one?

Cartoid - adult and child

Femoral - child

Brachial - infant

What is CCF?

chest compressions fraction: proportion of time taken to chest compressions

What percentage does CCF need to be at for an increase in ROSC?

at least 60%

Describe using the head tilt chin lift

one hand on chin and forehead, lifting head back so chin goes up

describe jaw thrust and when to use it

holding the jaw and opening it without rotating the entire head; use when the victim has a NECK/SPINAL injury

What is a pocket mask and when do you use it?

barrier device used when there's one rescuer and to prevent infections

What is a bag mask is when do you use it?

Device attached with pocket mask used when there's 2 rescuers for efficient breaths

How long should each breath be?

around 1 second

After giving breaths, how long do you have to return to chest compressions?

10 seconds

How much oxygen percentage is in the air we breathe in and the air we breathe out?

Inhale - 21%

Exhale - 17%

Interruptions to chest compressions should be less than how many seconds?

10 seconds

When should you switch compressors? (in cycle and minutes)

every 5 cycles or 2 minutes

How long should it take to SWITCH compressors?

10 seconds

CPR coach

person who makes sure that the CPR is done correctly and reduce interruptions

ROSC

return of spontaneous circulation

signs of ROSC

movement, pulse, breathing, signs of responsiveness, coughing

ventricular tachycardia (V-tach)

lower chambers (ventricles) start to contract TOO FAST that there is no detectable pulse so no oxygen is sent

ventricular fibrillation (v-fib)

lower chambers are too chaotic, muscles quiver unsynchronously

how long should you have the AED ready by (attached pads)

30 seconds

placements of AED and for whom:

Adult - anterior lateral

Infant and child - anterior, posterior

What to do to use AED with a hairy chest?

SHAVE the hair

when can you use an AED if a patient is involved with water

Not fully submersed in water - must take out and wipe the chest DRY

-could deliver AED if patient's back is the only place in contact with water puddle

closed loop communication

sender giving message, reciever repeating it, sender confirms that it was heard correctly

-debriefing after resuscitation attempt

open loop communication

send transmit a message without expecting/requiring feedback (1-way information)

When a pediatric patient needs rescue breathing, when do you switch to administering CPR?

heart rate is less than 60 bpm and poor perfusion

what is the rescue breath for adult in min and secs?

Adult - 1 breath / 6 seconds or 10-12 per min

rescue breaths for pediatrics in minute and seconds

Pediatrics - 1 breath every 2-3 seconds or 20-30 breaths per min

when we you start CPR for pediatric patient regarding a witnessed collapse?

after EMS has been called

-if not witnessed, start right away

why is it important to let chest recoil

imitates disatolic which lets blood flow to the chambers and out/in heart

position to keep infant's head in when giving breaths and WHY?

neutral since extending it will block airway

if you're alone, when should you retrieve AED and EMS if unwitnessed pediatric?

after 5 cycles or 2 minutes (1 whole CPR cycle)

when can you use pediatric pads? (weight and age)

AHA - child 8 and younger

ARC - same age requirement but less than 55lbs / 25 kgs