4.1 DNA, genes and chromosomes

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9 Terms

1
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What is a gene?

A sequence of DNA bases that codes for the amino acid sequence of a polypeptide or a functional rna

2
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What is a chromosome?

Long linear DNA that is associated with histone proteins

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What is a locus?

The fixed position a gene occupies on a particular DNA molecule

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What are the three features of the genetic code?

Degenerate

Non-overlapping

Universal

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What does the DNA code being universal mean?

The same base triplets code for the same amino acids in all organisms

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What does the DNA code being non-overlapping mean?

Each base triplet is only read once

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What does the DNA code being degenerate mean?

An amino acid can be coded for by more than one base triplet

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What are introns?

Base sequences of a gene that don’t code for amino acids

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What are exons?

Base sequences of a gene coding for amino acid sequences