Sociology 182 Test

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32 Terms

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Segregation

The differential allocation/distribution of persons in space based on group membership.

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Ethno-Racial Segregation

A form of segregation that specifically focuses on the separation of different racial or ethnic groups.

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Micro-segregation

Segregation occurring within small, specific areas such as neighborhoods or buildings.

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Macro-segregation

Segregation observed across entire cities or regions.

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Dissimilarity Index

A measure indicating the level of segregation; 100 signifies complete segregation, while 0 indicates full integration.

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Urban Apartheid

The projection of symbolic space into physical space, leading to district creation that is racially distinct.

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Ghetto

An urban area characterized by high concentrations of poverty, often lived in by members of a marginalized group.

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Hyperghetto

An area experiencing double segregation by both class and race, often with significant economic disadvantages.

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Social Isolation

The degree to which individuals are only exposed to members of their own group.

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Pull factors

Conditions that attract individuals to move to a certain area, such as job availability.

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Push factors

Conditions that drive individuals away from their current location, such as economic hardship or violence.

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Rite of Passage

A ceremony or event marking an individual's transition from one social status to another.

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Four Dimensions of Segregation

Dissimilarity, isolation, exposure, and clustering, as defined by Douglas Massey.

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Discrimination

Differential treatment of individuals based on their group membership, such as race or class.

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Gilded Ghetto

A metaphorical description of gated communities, suggesting a false sense of security or luxury.

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Social Structural Sorting

The tendency of individuals to seek residence in communities where they feel familiar or have existing social networks.

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Apartheid

A policy or system of segregation and discrimination on grounds of race in South Africa.

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Resistance

Actions taken against oppression or segregation, including demonstrations and armed resistance.

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Holodomor

The forced famine in Ukraine under Stalin's regime, resulting in millions of deaths.

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Marginality

The state of being marginalized or pushed to the outskirts of society, often affecting socio-economic status.

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Socio-Spatial Mechanisms

The interactions between social dynamics and spatial organization that influence urban segregation.

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Economic Extraction

The process of maximizing profits from marginalized groups, often leading to exploitation.

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Blood Stigma

The social stigma associated with descent, often influencing identity and treatment of individuals in a community.

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Cultural Hub

A neighborhood or area characterized by a high concentration of cultural and social activity.

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Race Man and Race Woman

Individuals who actively work for the advancement and empowerment of their racial community.

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Political Apartheid

Creation of racially distinct political districts that limit the rights of certain populations.

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Reciprocity

Mutual exchange of respect and support among members of a community.

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Tutsis

An ethnic group in Rwanda typically distinguished by height and traditionally associated with herding.

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Hutus

An ethnic group in Rwanda typically distinguished by physical characteristics and predominantly engaged in agriculture.

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The Cult of Race

Strong emphasis on racial identity and pride, along with the celebration of 'Race Heroes'.

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Jim Crow Laws

State and local laws enforcing racial segregation in the Southern United States.

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Genocide

The mass collective killing of members of a specific group based on their identity.