Unit 1A–1B Biology Review

What does the word part “bio-” mean?

Life

What does the suffix “-ology” mean?

The study of

Define Biology.

The study of living things.

List three basic criteria used in the lecture to decide if something is living.

Breathing (gas exchange), eating to obtain energy, and movement.

Place the following levels of biological organization in order from smallest to largest: cell, atom, ecosystem, organ, tissue.

Atom → Cell → Tissue → Organ → Ecosystem

Give the definition of an atom.

The basic unit of a chemical element.

What is a molecule?

A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

Define organelle.

A sub-cellular structure that performs specific jobs within a cell.

What is a tissue?

A group of similar cells that perform a common function.

Define organ.

A collection of tissues that form a functional unit.

What is meant by an organ system?

Groups of organs that work together to perform major body functions.

Give the biological definition of an organism.

A living system that functions as an individual life-form.

Differentiate population and community.

Population = all organisms of the same species in an area; Community = all different species living together in an area.

What is an ecosystem?

A community of organisms and their physical environment interacting as a system.

Define biosphere.

All ecosystems on Earth; the zone of life.

What is meant by biotic?

Living, once living, or derived from living organisms.

What is meant by abiotic?

Non-living and never has lived.

List the seven major characteristics of life mentioned in the notes.

Growth & development, reproduction, heredity, homeostasis, metabolism, cellular structure, response to environment.

State the cell theory portion cited in the notes.

Cells are the basic units of life, and all organisms are made of one or more cells.

Define unicellular and give an example.

Composed of one cell; example: bacterium.

Define multicellular and give an example.

Composed of more than one cell; example: human.

What is metabolism?

The chemical processes that build up or break down materials for energy.

Explain homeostasis.

Maintenance of stable internal conditions in an organism.

What is negative feedback in biology?

A change in a system triggers a response that returns the system to its original state.

Define evolution.

Change in living things over time.

What is an adaptation?

An inherited trait that provides an