Ch. 16, 18, 19

This set of flashcards provides an overview of the key concepts related to labor and delivery nursing, including physiological effects, stages of labor, signs of labor, pain management techniques, and nursing responsibilities.

What are the four main factors influencing labor known as the 4 Ps?

Powers, Passenger, Passage, Psyche.

What physiological change happens to blood flow to the placenta during contractions?

Blood flow to the placenta stops temporarily.

What signifies the transition phase in the first stage of labor?

Intense contractions of fetal descent and final cervical dilation.

What are the 7 Cardinal Movements of labor?

Descent, Engagement, External rotation, Flexion, Internal rotation, Extension, Expulsion.

Describe the typical characteristics of true labor contractions compared to false labor.

True labor contractions are consistent in frequency, duration, and intensity, whereas false labor contractions are inconsistent.

What are the signs that suggest placental separation after the birth of the baby?

The uterus has a spherical shape, rises upward in the abdomen, the cord distends, and a gush of blood appears.

Name three warning signs that indicate when a patient should go to the hospital or birth center during labor.

Regular contractions, ruptured membranes, and bright red bleeding.

What is the purpose of using nonpharmacological techniques in pain management during childbirth?

To reduce anxiety and fear and to provide comfort during the labor process.

What are some common adverse effects of pharmacological pain management during childbirth?

Maternal hypotension, bladder distention, and prolonged second stage of labor.

What is the significance of the 'bloody show' as a premonitory sign of labor?

It indicates the beginning of cervical changes and approaching labor.