Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Flashcards covering the key concepts and vocabulary related to the structure and function of cell membrane components.

Phospholipid Bilayer

A double layer of phospholipids that is selectively permeable, allowing certain substances to pass while blocking others.

The head is hydrophilic [polar] (water loving) and the tail is hydrophobic [no charge, nonpolar] (water fearing)

Cytoskeleton

The network that organizes the contents of the cell and connects it to the external environment, enabling movement and shape change.

Extracellular Matrix (ECM)

A structure that influences various cellular processes including migration, wound healing, and differentiation.

Cholesterol

A lipid that aids in the formation of cell membranes, hormones, and vitamin D, and also assists in digestion.

Peripheral Protein

Proteins located on the surface of the cell membrane that provide support, communication, and function as enzymes. (uber)

Integral Protein

Proteins that span the membrane, critical for molecule movement and signal transduction.

Glycoprotein

A protein with carbohydrate chains that aids in cell communication and recognition, especially in immune responses.

Glycolipid

A lipid with carbohydrate chains that helps stabilize the cell membrane and facilitates cellular recognition.

Carbohydrate

Molecules that act as an energy source and help regulate blood glucose and insulin metabolism.