SLHS 303 Exam 5 Study Guide

Producing Speech

A complicated and rapid task that involves coordinating 100s of neural signals and muscle contractions at approximately 175 words per minute.

Vocal Tract

The oral cavity, nasal cavity, and pharyngeal cavity; important for speech production.

Teeth - Biological Function

Used for chewing.

Teeth - Non Biological Function

Used for speech.

Primary Teeth

20 teeth that are present during childhood.

Permanent Teeth

32 teeth that replace primary teeth in adulthood.

Occlusions

The alignment of the upper and lower jaw categorized into Class I, II, or III (Edward H Angle classification).

Orbicularis Oris

Facial muscle originating from maxilla and mandible, innervated by CN VII, responsible for puckering lips and tight lip closure.

Masseter

A muscle that elevates the mandible and protrudes the jaw, innervated by CN V (trigeminal).

Pharyngeal Phase of Swallowing

Starts with triggering when bolus reaches the anterior faucial pillars, lasts about 800 ms, and involves closure of the larynx.

Aspiration

Food or liquid passing past the true vocal folds into the airway.

Bolus

A mass of food that is ready to be swallowed.

Valleculae

The space between the base of the tongue and the epiglottis.

Respiration during Swallowing

Respiration stops temporarily during the pharyngeal swallow.

Esophageal Phase of Swallowing

The phase where the bolus is moved through the esophagus to the stomach, typically taking 8-20 seconds.

Peristalsis

The sequence of squeezing that carries the bolus through the esophagus.

Palatoglossus

Muscle that elevates the posterior sides of the tongue, innervated by CN X and CN XI.

Soft Palate Functions

Involved in swallowing and speech, includes muscles such as tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini.