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If I dont get this 116 because of the essay part imma die
Mongols (Mongol Empire)
Nomadic people from Central Asia when united ended up creating the largest single land empire in history.
Chinggis Khan
Became khagan after death of Kabul Khan; Leader of Mongol Empire defeated the Turkish Persian kingdoms; killed or enslaved all who opposed
Kuriltai
Meeting of all Mongol chieftains at which the supreme ruler of all tribes was selected
Khagan
Title of the supreme ruler of the Mongol tribes.
Tumens
basic fighting units of Mongol forces; made up of 10,000 cavalrymen divided into smaller units.
Tangut
Rulers of the Xi Xia kingdom of northwest china; one of the regional kingdoms during the period of Southern Song; conquered by Mongols in 1226.
Muhammad Shah II
Turkic ruler of Muslim Khwarazm; conquered by Mongols in 1220.
Karakorum
Capital of the Mongol empire under Chinggis Khan
Shamanistic religion
Religion that revolves around the belief of nature spirits; Was the main religious belief of Chinggis Khan and the Mongols; Although it was the main religion, the khagan was very tolerant of all other religions
Batu
ruler of the golden horde; one of Chinggis Khan's grandsons; responsible for the invasion of Russia beginning in 1236.
Ogedei
Third son of Chinggis Khan; succeeded Chinggis Khan as khagan of the Mongols following his father's death; showed that following khagans were not always the next eldest son
Alexander Nevskii
Russian prince of Novgorod who surrendered temporarily to the Mongols after an invasion
Moscow
Led the resistance and attacks against Mongols; became center of political power and economics in Russia
Golden Horde
One of four regional subdivisions of the Mongol Empire after the death of Chinggis Khan; led by Batu; conquered and ruled Russia during the 13th and 14th centuries.
Metropolitan
A religious leader who held divine right
Prester John
A mythical Christian monarch whose kingdom supposedly had been cut off from Europe by the Muslim conquests; some thought he was Chinggis Khan.
King Bela of Hungary
Dismissed negotiations with Mongol Empire; led to the invasion of Hungary by the Mongols
Hulegu
Grandson of Chinggis Khan and ruler of Ilkhan khanate; captured and destroyed Abbasid Baghdad.
Nestorians
Asian Christian sect; cut off from Europe by Muslim invasions.
Mamluks
Muslim slave warriors; established a dynasty in Egypt; defeated the Mongols in 1260 and halted Mongol advance into Africa
Baibars
Commander of Mamluk forces in 1260; originally enslaved by Mongols and sold to Egyptians.
Berke
A ruler of the Golden Horde; converted to Islam; his threat to Hulegu combined with the growing power of Mamluks in Egypt forestalled further Mongol conquests in the Middle East.
Kublai Khan
Grandson of Genghis Khan and founder of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in China; took 35 years to conquer China
Yuan Dynasty
The dynasty with Mongol rule in China; centralized with bureaucracy but structure is different: Mongols, Nomadic/Muslim allies, North Chinese, Ethnic/Southern Chinese
Tatu
Capital of Mongol Yuan Dynasty; now present-day Beijing
Chabi
influential wife of Kubilai Khan; demonstrated refusal of Mongol women to adopt restrictive social conventions of Confucian China; promoted interests of Buddhism in China
Marco Polo
Venetian merchant and traveler. His accounts of his travels to China offered Europeans a firsthand view of Asian lands and stimulated interest in Asian trade.
Romance of the West Chamber
Chinese drama written during the Yuan period; indicative of the continued literary vitality of China during Mongol rule
White Lotus Society
Secret religious society dedicated to overthrow of Yuan dynasty in China; typical of peasant resistance to Mongol rule
Ju Yuanzhang
Chinese peasant who led successful revolt against Yuan; founded Ming dynasty
Ming Dynasty
Succeeded Mongol Yuan dynasty in China in 1368; lasted until 1644; initially mounted huge trade expeditions to southern Asia and elsewhere, but later concentrated efforts on internal development within China.
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