Introduction to Operating Systems

These flashcards summarize key concepts and functions of operating systems to aid in exam preparation.

What is an operating system?

An operating system (OS) is a set of programs containing instructions that work together to coordinate all the activities among computer and mobile device hardware.

What is the process of starting and restarting a computer called?

Booting.

What is the purpose of sleep mode in an operating system?

Sleep mode saves any open documents and running programs to RAM, turns off all unneeded functions, and places the computer in a low-power state.

What is the difference between hibernate mode and sleep mode?

Hibernate mode saves open documents and programs to an internal hard drive before removing power, while sleep mode keeps everything in RAM and enters a low-power state.

What does a user interface (UI) in an operating system do?

It controls how data and instructions are entered and how information is displayed on the screen.

What functions does an operating system manage?

It manages programs, memory, tasks, and devices.

What is a driver in the context of an operating system?

A small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a specific device.

What is the function of Plug and Play in operating systems?

It automatically configures new devices as you install or connect them.

What tool in an operating system tracks CPU usage?

Performance monitor or Activity Monitor.

What is the significance of a user account in an operating system?

It enables a user to sign in to or access resources on a network or device.

What are examples of desktop operating systems?

Windows, macOS, UNIX, and Linux.

What differentiates a mobile operating system from a desktop operating system?

A mobile operating system resides on firmware and is designed for mobile devices; examples include Android and iOS.

What is the main function of the file manager in an operating system?

To manage files, including searching, viewing images, uninstalling programs, and performing disk maintenance.

What are the security responsibilities of a network administrator?

To add and remove users, configure the network, install software, and maintain network security.