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Form of a gene that's always expressed if present
Dominant
In a dihybrid cross where both parents are heterozygous for both traits. What is always the phenotype ratio?
9:3:3:1
Which of Mendels laws best explains why heterozygous organisms will show a dominant phenotype?
Law of dominance
If 2 parents with dominant phenotypes produce offspring with a recessive one, what are the parents genotypes?
Both parents are heterozygous
Both parents have a heterozygous genotype for a recessive genetic disorder. What is the chance of their kids getting it?
25%
A rough (R) coat boar mates with a soft ( r ) coat bear. Their litter is 50% rough and 50% soft. What are the parent’s genotype?
RR x Rr
For an a a female to express a recessive sex linked trait, she must have…
2 recessive alleles
What’s the main reason sex linked disorders are most often observed in males?
Y chromosomes cannot mask alleles on the x chromosome
Human height occurs in a range because it is affected by many genes, making it an…
Polygenic trait
Red hair and freckles are commonly inherited together, making them…
Linked genes
If a newly discovered species of a flower has a pedal colors determined by two genes, then Inheritance pattern is…
Polygenic inheritance
In order for a mutation to be passed on to offspring, it must occur in…
Gametes
Non disjunction of autosomal chromosome #21 results in the disorder…
Down Syndrome
How is a female individual with a disease notated in a pedigree?
Shaded circle
Environmental factors like radiation exposure are called the mutagens because…
They cause mutations in the DNA sequence
If Tay- Sachs’s is an autosomal recessive disorder, what would the parents genotypes have to be?
Both heterozygous
How would you Categorize a genetic disorder that’s equally likely in males and females and caused by two affected alleles?
autosomal recessive
If a mutation only changes the nucleotide sequence for a single protein, it’s known as a….
Gene mutation
What kind of mutation occurred in the sex chromosome of a person with the genotype XXY
Non disjunction
Selective breeding produces…
Desired traits in offspring
A technique that allows scientists to amplify a section of DNA by copying it many times
Polymerase chain reaction
What was the goal of human genome projects?
To create maps showing where genes are located on human chromosomes
Plants absorb sunlight using _____ and convert the solar energy into___
Chlorophyll glucose
During interphase of the cell cycle, the cells grow , duplicate organelles and…
Copies DNA
Which organelle would make restriction enzymes for cutting DNA into fragments
Ribosomes
Two chromosomes that contain the same types of genes that you inherit from each of your parents
Homologous chromosomes
Which organelle supplies energy in a usable form to the cell
Mitochondria
The purpose of meiosis one is
To reduce chromosome number from diploid to haploid and separate homologous chromosomes
