Vietnamese Fine Arts History Examination Review

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering major periods, artifacts, and figures in the history of Vietnamese fine arts as defined in the provided multiple-choice questions.

Ancient Vietnamese Fine Arts

Basically consists of three types: painting, sculpture, and architecture.

Núi Đọ Site

A site in Thanh Hóa belonging to the Lower Paleolithic period, characterized by chopping tools, hand axes, and scrapers.

Sơn Vi Culture

An Upper Paleolithic culture in Phú Thọ known for the technique of flaking pebble tools.

M. Colani

The scholar who introduced the term 'Hòa Bình Culture'.

Đồng Nội Cave Art

Prehistoric art in Hòa Bình depicting 3 human faces and 1 animal face, notable for Y-shaped horns on the heads.

Neolithic Pottery Patterns

The first patterns were created by basketry impressions, specifically the 'dấu nan đan' (weaving marks) from coating clay inside woven containers.

Phùng Nguyên Pottery

Characterized by a three-part form (flaring mouth, slim body, spreading base) and patterns reflecting high mathematical symmetry.

Đông Sơn Culture

Belongs to the transition from the Late Bronze Age to the Early Iron Age, where bronze materials reached their most brilliant development.

F. Heger

A Western scholar who classified Southeast Asian bronze drums into 4 types; Đông Sơn drums belong to Type I (the oldest and most beautiful).

Đông Sơn Drum Composition

Consists of three geometric volumes: a truncated cone (base), a cylinder (body), and a sphere (top/tympanum).

Bronze Drum Movement

Human and animal activities depicted on Đông Sơn drums always rotate in a counter-clockwise direction.

Đồng Sơn Animal Statues

Toads and frogs are the most numerous animal statues, used in rituals to pray for rain for agriculture.

Cổ Loa Citadel

An ancient fortification consisting of 3 closed concentric rings, with foundations reinforced by stone embankments and pottery shards.

Champa Towers

Hindu (Brahmanism) architectural structures built with evenly fired bricks and joined using a dry-grinding technique without visible mortar.

Linga - Yoni

The pair of statues often placed on the altar in the center of a Champa tower.

White Horse Temple (Đền Bạch Mã)

A temple in Thăng Long dedicated to the White Horse God, symbolizing the sun.

One Pillar Pagoda (Chùa Diên Hựu)

A Lý Dynasty temple built on a single stone pillar to represent a lotus flower blossoming in a pond.

Lý Dynasty Dragon

Known as 'long xà' (dragon-serpent), featuring a round, slender body that winds in tight, rhythmic curves.

Trúc Lâm Zen Sect

A Trần Dynasty Buddhist sect advocating the principle of 'Hòa quang đồng trần' (bringing light into the world).

Citadel of the Hồ Dynasty (Thành Tây Giai)

Built using large stone blocks (đá múi cam) fitted together without mortar.

Phổ Minh Tower

A large brick tower in Nam Định with a square base and $14$ stories.

Trần Thủ Độ Tiger Statue

An animal sculpture from the Trần Dynasty lăng mộ (tombs) characterized by a natural, majestic, and smooth block-like form.

Lê Sơ Dragon

Influenced by the Ming Dynasty (China), featuring glaring eyes, sharp horns, and a lion-like nose.

Mạc Dynasty Village Đình

Communal houses that emerged and developed strongly in rural areas, featuring folk carvings of daily life like woodcutting and farming.

Keo Pagoda (Chùa Keo Thái Bình)

A famous temple from the Lê Trung Hưng period featuring a unique three-story wooden bell tower.

Avalokitesvara of a Thousand Arms and Eyes

The most complete and famous version of this statue (1656) is at Bút Tháp Pagoda, carved by 'Tiên sinh họ Trương'.

Tuyết Sơn Statue

A Tây Sơn period statue at Tây Phương Pagoda depicting an old man who is extremely thin, skeletal, and in deep meditation.

Trùng thiềm điệp ốc

The architectural layout of the Thái Hòa Palace in Huế, consisting of two houses joined together to expand the space.

Victor Tardieu

The first director of the Indochina School of Fine Arts (established in 1924, opened in 1925).

Nguyễn Gia Trí

A famous painter credited with elevating lacquer (sơn mài) from a craft material to a medium for fine art painting.

Nguyễn Phan Chánh

The most famous artist for silk paintings (tranh lụa) with a deep Asian identity.

Kết nạp Đảng ở Điện Biên Phủ

A famous lacquer painting (sơn mài) by artist Nguyễn Sáng.