AP world unit 1/2 flashcards

Pure Land School of Buddhism

One of the most popular forms of Buddhism. Repeated the name of an earlier Buddha. The Amitabha-effecient to ensure rebirth in a heavenly realm. Called the “pure land.”

An Lushan Rebellion

A rebellion that led a major revolt against the Tang Dynasty. An increasingly xenophobic reaction set in among the upper classes, and most had a desire to bring back the “purity” of seemingly simpler times.

Ulama

In the Islamic culture, the ulama are the scholars, religious leaders, and teachers of all things in their religion, and are extremely firm believers in their faith.

Madrassas

These were eleventh century formal colleges and offered more advanced instruction in the Quran and the sayings of Muhammad.

Sufis

Tenth century teachers that began to attract groups of disciples who were eager to learn their unique devotional practices/techniques.

The hajj

An annual pilgrimage to Mecca, the most holy city in Islam in Saudi Arabia. A holiday for Islamics to show their respect and a required holiday in Islamic culture.

Baghdad (pg 438)

The capital of Iraq and the largest city. Grew into a center of learning and culture during the Islamic golden age. Quadriya order for example, begun here but spread widely throughout the arab world and into sub-Saharan Africa.

House of Wisdom

A major intellectual center and royal library in Baghdad. It gathered scholars of diverse faiths to translate, preserve, and expand global knowledge in science, math, and philosophy.

Neo-Confucianism

A social and ethical philosophy using metaphysical ideas.

Censorate

A high-level supervisory agency in imperial china that monitored government officials to prevent corruption and inefficiency.

Hangzhou (Song capital)

The capital and most populous city in china.

Foot binding

A practice where a woman’s feet are tied (bound) tightly and in an immense amount of pain for their feet to appear small and dainty to fit societal standards of what women “should be like.”

“middle kingdom”

A traditional, historic name for china meaning the center of the world, and a classical period of stability and art.

kowtow

The traditional Chinese act of deep respect and submission shown by kneeling and bowing so low that ones forehead touches the ground.

Xiongnu

A powerful tribal confederation of nomadic pastoralists who lived on the eastern Eurasian steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD.

Sultanate of Delhi

A series of five Muslim dynasties that ruled large parts of northern India from 1206 to 1526 CE.

Sufis

Kabir

A famous 15th century Indian mystic poet, saint, and social reformer. He preached the oneness of a formless god, rejected the caste system, and criticized empty religious rituals. Influenced heavily by both Hindu and Islam traditions and ideas.

Sikhism

A monotheistic religion founded in the Punjab region of south asian by guru Nanak in the late 15th century. A major new belief system that emerged through cultural interactions between Hinduism and Islam in the Mughal empire. A distinct, independent faith rather than a simple blend of older religions.

Timbuktu

A major west African trade city in the Mali empire that became a leading global hub for trans-Saharan commerce and Islamic scholarship between 1200 and 1450.

Mexica

Mesoamerican people who founded the city of Tenochtitlan and built the powerful Aztec Empire from 1428 until the Spanish conquest in 1521. A primary case study for state building and environmental adaptation in the americas.

Triple Alliance

Tenochtitlan

Chinampas, aka “floating gardens”

Huitzilopochtli

Quechua

Gender Parallelism

Yuan Dynasty

Khubilai Khan

Hulegu

Khutulun

Kipchak Khanate/ Golden Horde

Monsoon winds

Swahili language

Great Zimbabwe

Jenne-Jeno

Camel caravans

Dar al Islam

Caliph

Civil Service Exams

Hindu Devotional Cults

Angkor

Mansa Musa

Trans Saharan Trade

Bantu

Swahili

Zanj Revolt

Feudalism

Black Death

The Crusades

Mita

Quipus

Champa Rice

Islamic Agricultural Revolution