National 5 Chemistry Unit 3 Review

These flashcards cover key vocabulary and concepts from the National 5 Chemistry Unit 3 review notes.

Nitrogen

A diatomic gas essential for life, accounting for 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.

Filtrate

The liquid that passes through the filter paper during filtration.

Residual

The solid left behind after filtration.

Isotope

Atoms of the same element with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons.

Radioactivity

The process by which unstable atomic nuclei lose energy by emitting radiation.

Alpha radiation

A type of radiation that consists of helium nuclei and is positively charged.

Beta radiation

A type of radiation consisting of fast-moving electrons or positrons.

Gamma radiation

High-energy electromagnetic radiation emitted from a nucleus.

Half-life

The time required for half of the radioactive nuclei in a sample to decay.

Fertilizers

Substances added to soil to supply essential nutrients for plant growth.

Polymerization

The process of forming polymers by chemically bonding monomer units together.

Monomer

A small molecule that can join together to form a polymer.

Catalyst

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction without being consumed in the process.

Concordant titres

Volumes of titration results that are within a narrow range from one another.

Acid-base titration

A quantitative analytical procedure to determine the concentration of an acid or base by neutralization.

Evaporation

The process of separating a solid from a liquid by heating the liquid until it turns into vapor.

Distillation

A method used to separate liquids based on differences in boiling points.

Chemical analysis

The study of the chemical composition of substances.

Qualitative analysis

Analysis that provides information about the presence or absence of a substance in a sample.

Quantitative analysis

Analysis that determines the amount or concentration of a substance in a sample.

NPK

The key nutrients in fertilizers: Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium.

Haber process

An industrial process for synthesizing ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen.

Ostwald process

The process for producing nitric acid from ammonia.