Solution Chemistry

Flashcards covering vocabulary related to solutions, solubility, and related concepts.

Solution

A homogeneous mixture made up of a solute and a solvent.

Solute

The dissolved particles in a solution.

Solvent

The dissolving medium in a solution.

Solubility

The amount of a substance that dissolves in a given quantity of solvent at a specific temperature.

Saturated Solution

Contains the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved at that temperature.

Supersaturated Solution

Contains more solute than it can theoretically hold at that temperature.

Unsaturated Solution

A solution in which more solute can still be dissolved.

Miscible

Two liquids that will dissolve in each other.

Immiscible

Two liquids that will not dissolve in each other (e.g., oil and water).

Dissociation

The process of ionic compounds separating into ions in solution.

Aqueous Solution

A solution where the solvent is water.

Solvation

The process of surrounding solute particles with solvent particles.

Polar Compound

Molecule with partial positive and negative ends; dissolves well in water.

Nonpolar Compound

Molecule with no charged ends; does not dissolve well in water.

Temperature & Solubility (for most substances)

Solubility increases with temperature; for gases, it decreases.

Pressure & Gas Solubility

Solubility of gaseous solutes increases with pressure.

Ion-Dipole Interaction

Anions are attracted to the hydrogen side of water; cations to the oxygen side.