DIgestive system PT.2

what is saliva

Fluid produced by salivary glands that moistens food and begins digestion.

What enzyme is found in saliva?

salivary amylase

what does salivary amylase do?

Breaks down starch into simpler sugars.

What is hydrochloric acid (HCl)

Acid in the stomach that kills bacteria and activates pepsin.

what is pepsin?

Enzyme in the stomach that digests proteins.

what is bile?

Substance produced by the liver that emulsifies fats.

define emulsify

Breaking large fat droplets into smaller droplets.

what are villi?

tiny finger like projections lining the small intestine

what is the function of the villi

increase surface area for nutrient absorption

importance of villi

they allow the body to absorb nutrients efficiently

What is chyme?

semi-liquid mass of partially digested food

chyme location

stomach and entering the small intestine

what is saliva made of?

Water, mucus, electrolytes, salivary amylase, and antibacterial substances.

what is ulcers

open sore in the stomach or intestinal lining

what is diarrhea/dysentery?

failure to reabsorb water in the large intestine leads to watery stool

what is appendicitis?

inflammation of the appendix due to infection

what is reflux esophagitis (heartburn)

stomach acid flows back into esophagus

what is gastritis

inflammation of stomach lining

what is peptic ulcers

erosions of the lining of the stomach or duodenum