Meiosis Overview

Vocabulary flashcards based on the key concepts and terms related to meiosis.

Meiosis

The process by which gametic cells are formed and promotes genetic diversity.

Diploid

Cells that have 2 sets of chromosomes, typically body cells.

Haploid

Cells that have 1 set of chromosomes, typically sex cells.

Homologous Chromosomes

Chromosomes that contain the same genes at the same locus.

Sister Chromatids

Identical copies of a chromosome formed by replication.

Zygote

The first cell of an embryo formed when the sperm fertilizes the egg.

Crossing Over

The exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes during prophase I.

Independent Assortment

The random alignment of homologous chromosomes at the metaphase plate during meiosis.

Cytokinesis

The process that follows telophase, dividing the cytoplasm and forming two daughter cells.

Gene Linkage

The tendency of alleles of different genes to be inherited together when located on the same chromosome.

Gene Mapping

A technique that shows the location of various genes on a chromosome.

Telophase I

The stage in meiosis where there is a complete set of chromosomes at each pole, and the nuclear membrane reforms.

Anaphase I

The stage in meiosis where homologous chromosomes separate and move to opposite poles of the cell.

Prophase II

The stage in meiosis II where the nuclear membrane breaks down and spindle fibers form.

Metaphase II

The stage in meiosis II where chromosomes are lined up on the metaphase plate.

Anaphase II

The stage in meiosis II where sister chromatids are pulled apart and move to opposite poles of the cell.