CAD/CAM

CAD stand for?

Computer Aided Design

CAM stand for?

Computer Aided Manufacturing

when did CAD/CAM occur?

1950s and was introduced to dentistry in the 1980’s by Duret

whats the chairside technique?

(patient waits in chair while crown is being made)

*to perform a one-visit procedure for fixed restorations

The first CAD/CAM devices introduced were?

EREC (Sirona) and Procera (Nobel Biocare)

what did the first PROCERA produce?

coppings

original material on the procera system was?

alumina

(shortly after it milded zerconia)

what are some reason why we try to get rid of metal?

*allergies

*aesthetic

*cost

*get rid of metal finishing department

ceramics can be used as

Zirconia

Lithium Disilicate

Nanoceramics

metals can be used as

Chrom Cobalt
Titanium
Alloys

acrylics can be used for

Models
Occlusal Guards
Surgical Guides
PEEK
PMMA
Dentures
Teeth
Base

Zirconia can be

(milled) used for…
 Single units to full arches
 Implants
 Substructures

Lithium Disilicate can be

(milled/pressed) used for..
 Single units
 Crowns
 Veneers
 Inlays/Onlays
 Three unit bridges (max)

Chrome Cobalt can be

(milled/printed-SLS) used for..
 Substructures
 Full contour crowns/bridges
 Bars
 Partial Denture Frameworks

Titanium can be

(milled/printed-SLS) used for..
 Implant Components
 Substructures
 Bars
 Partial Denture Framework

Alloys can be

(milled/printed-SLS) used in…
 Full Contour Crowns/Bridges
 Substructures

Acrylics can be

(milled/printed) used in…
 Study Models
 Working Models
 Removable Single Dies

Occlusal guard can be

(milled/printed) used in
 Treatment of Bruxism
 Thermoplastic
 Hard

Surgical Guides can be

(printed/milled) used for…
Used to guide implant placement
and bone augmentation during oral
surgery

PEEK can be

(milled/pressed) used for…
 Implant components
 Substructures
 Bars
 Partial Denture Frameworks

PMMA can be

(milled/printed) used for…
 Custom trays
 Temporary
restorations
 Denture try-ins

Chairside - Advantages

 One-visit fixed restorative procedure
 No impression taking
 No temporary restoration required
 Reduced potential for tooth sensitization
 No laboratory costs
 No model or die pouring
 Increased accuracy
 Less opportunity for error
 Aids prep visualization
 Projects a state-of-the-art image

Chairside - Disadvantages

⚫ Soft tissue management more critical
⚫ Customization may be required
⚫ Learning curve
⚫ Higher production required to cover capital investment

most popular cermaic

zirconia

can zirzonia be printed?

can only be milled

whats monochromatic

one colour

what does SLS stand for

Selective laser sintering

whats milling

subtraction of material (sculpting)

3D printing is used when

Ideal for complex geometries and quick production

Milling is used when

used for hard materials; provides high precision for restorations.

Integrated Lab – Scanning:

• Digital scans of the patient’s oral cavity taken in the dental office.

• High accuracy for designing restorations.

Integrated Lab - Design:

• Virtual design of restorations, such as crowns and frameworks.

• CAD software used for precise customization and planning.

Integrated Lab - Production:

• Mill: Fabrication of restorations from materials like wax or ceramic.

• Print: 3D printing of models and components.

• SLS (Selective Laser Sintering): Advanced method for creating intricate parts from powdered materials.

advantages of Intraoral Scanning

• Chairside Analysis: Facilitates patient education and understanding.

• Accuracy: Provides more consistent impressions.

• Time-Saving: Reduces chair time for patients.

• Cost-Saving: Less need for impression materials.

• True Mucostatic Impression: Maintains soft tissue contours.

• Patient Comfort: Easier for patients with gag reflex or limited opening.

• No Need for Disinfection: Digital scans reduce cross-contamination.

• Digital Archivability: Easy storage and retrieval of patient data.

• Full Color Analysis: Allows for detailed assessments.

• Ability to Print or Mill Master Casts: Enhances workflow efficiency.

disadvantages of Intraoral Scanning

• High Initial Cost: Significant investment in technology.

• Steep Learning Curve: Requires training and adaptation.

• Possible Scanning Fees: Additional costs may be incurred.

• Difficulty with Movable Tissue: Challenges in scanning soft tissue.

• Camera Size: Larger cameras may be unsuitable for small mouths.

• Deep Margin Preparations: Complicated to capture accurately.

• Possible Lack of Detail: Some scans may miss finer details.

• Blood/Saliva Management: Handling fluids can complicate scanning.

is zirconia non-lithic true or false?

true

whats non lithic?

made out of one metal

Why do we measure restorative material with Mega-pascales?

 To quantify the durability & resistance of materials used in restorations

whats Megapascals (MPa)

Originally designed to measure the strength of concrete in the construction industry, now it is also used for measuring the strength of restorative dental materials

whats E-max

Lithium Disilicate glass, an all-ceramic system