MODELS OF PRACTICE

Models of practice

ways of viewing the relationship of the person, environment, occupation, and desired outcomes

broad way to understand individuals and their motivating factors for participation in occupation

Model of Human Occupation (MOHO)

theory developed by Gary Kielhofner

• understanding/developing occupation identity to facilitate adaptation to demands in life patterns

Volition (MOHO)

the motivation for occupation; what they enjoy and value

Personal causation (MOHO)

sense of competence

• component of volition

Values (MOHO)

what one finds important and meaningful

• component of volition

Interests (MOHO)

what one finds enjoyable or satisfying to do

• component of volition

Habituation (MOHO)

the process by which occupation is organized into patterns or routines; repeated actions, habits, and roles

Habits (MOHO)

automatic routines when one repeats the action

• component of habituation

Internalized roles (MOHO)

socially and/or personally defined status and related cluster of attitudes and behaviors

• component of habituation

Performance capacity (MOHO)

the physical and mental abilities that underlie skilled occupational performance; includes but is not limited to musculoskeletal system, cardiopulmonary, neurological, and cognitive abilities

Occupational adaptation (MOHO)

desired outcome of MOHO

the outcome of a positive occupational identity and achievement of occupational competence

Occupational identity (MOHO)

sense of occupational self

Occupational competence (MOHO)

the ability to participate in occupational routines and roles

Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E)

The Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists

• depicts the client at the center with spirituality as the core motivating principle

Client-centered practice (CMOP-E)

collaborative approaches aimed at enabling occupation with clients who may be individuals, groups, agencies, governments, corporations, or othersS

Social justice (CMOP-E)

ethical concepts related to fair opportunity, unfair discrimination, and whether there is a right to healthcare

Enablement (CMOP-E)

under the assumption that people have the capacity to identify their own needs to solve their own problems and to know what is best for them

Occupational engagement (CMOP-E)

desired outcome of CMOP-E

Spirituality (CMOP-E)

aspects that give meaning, purpose, self-will, and determination

OT view (CMOP-E)

supporter, enabler, and advocate

Person Environment Occupation Performance Model (PMOP)

theory developed by Mary Law

• explains the interaction between the person, environment, occupation, and performance in 5 dimensions

(psychological, neurological, spiritual, physiological, and motor)

Person (PEOP)

a unique being who assumes a variety of roles simultaneously

Environment (PEOP)

cultural, socio-economic, institutional, physical, and social

Occupation (PEOP)

groups of self-directed functional task and activities in which a person engages over the lifespan

Activity (PEOP)

basic unit of a task

Task (PEOP)

set of purposeful activities in which a person engages

Occupational performance and participation (PEOP)

desired outcome of PEOP

Kawa Model

theory developed by Micheal Iwama; designed by Japanese and Canadian OTs outside of Western cultures

• embraces the issue of culture in OT

• ask the client to draw his/her river with rocks and sticks. Then the OTA will build intervention and treatment ideas to expand the flow by decreasing or removing obstacles

Kawa (KAWA)

river

River represents (KAWA)

the foundation; life flow

Sticks and rocks represent (KAWA)

challenges and temporary barriers

Harmony (KAWA)

the central concept of the Kawa Model