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Adding something to increase the likelihood of a behavior occuring again

Positive reinforcement

schedule of reinforcement after varying amounts of time

Variable-interval

Exposure to inescapable and uncontrollable aversive (bad) events eventually produces passive behavior

Learned helplessness

frontal lobe neurons that fire when performing certain actions or when observing another doing so

Mirror neurons

Adding something to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again

Positive punishment

Learning that takes place when two or more stimuli are paired together to create an association

Classic conditioning

schedule of reinforcement after a set number of responses.

Fixed ratio

When asked for directions to his job, a man recites them in great detail.

Cognitive map

Positively reinforcing closer and closer approximations of a desird behavior to teach a new behavior

Shaping

The disappearance of a behavior because cs no longer paired with the UCS OR because it is no longer reinforced/punished

Extinction

Father & Developer of Operant Conditioning; Invented the Operant chamber, to use in his research of animal learning.

Skinner

It initially has no effect but after conditioning, it triggers a natural reflexive response.

Conditioned stimulus

Getting a Paycheck every two weeks.

Fixed Interval

Learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it

Latent learning

suddenly knowing the solution to the problem

Insight learning

developed the theory of "classical conditioning" while working with dogs

Pavlov

Removing something to decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring again

Negative punishment

schedule of reinforcement after a varying number of responses.

Variable ratio

Relatively permanent change in an organisms behavior due to experience

Learning

Reinforcers that are rewarding because we learned that are rewarding.

Secondary reinforcer

Occurs after conditioning when the conditioned stimulus (cS) triggers an innate response

Conditioned response

Being paid for every 10 pizzas made

Fixed ratio

Increasing the likelihood of a behavior occurring again by removing a stimuli

Negative reinforcement

studied how children mimic others behaviors and repeat that same behavior; Creates "Observational Learning" Theory

Badura

An organisms decreasing response to a stimulus with repeated exposure to it

Habituation

Reinforcers that are rewarding such as food, water, rest, whose natural properties are reinforcing.

Primary reinforcer

Spanking a child because they ran in the street

Positive punishment

Receiving $5 for every "A" in high school

Positive reinforcement

Taking your cell phone away because you were late for curfew

Negative punishment

a behavior results in good consequence, behavior will repeat; a behavior results in a bad consequence, won't be repeate

Law of effect

Learning is based on the association of one's behavior and its consequences. Consequences are reinforced or punished

Operant conditioning

when an organism learns a response to a specific stimulus, but does not respond the same way to stimuli that are similar

Discrimination

Which partial reinforcement schedule is most resistant to extinction?

Variable ratio