Biology - Chapter 2

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what are the 2 types of bonds?

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Water & Macromolecules

21 Terms

1

what are the 2 types of bonds?

ionic and covalent

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2

covalent bonds

Bonds created by sharing electrons with other atoms.

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3

ionic bonds

Formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another

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4

Water is a _____ molecule

polar

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5

Properties of water

high specific heat
cohesion
adhesion
high surface tension
expands when freezing
universal solvent

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6

solvent

dissolves other substances

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7

solute

dissolves in a substance

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8

What are the 4 macromolecules?

carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids

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9

what are lipids monomers?

none (they are a monomer)

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10

what are proteins monomers?

amino acids

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11

what are carbohydrates monomers?

monosaccharides

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12

what are nucleic acids monomers?

nucleotides

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13

elements in lipids

C, H, O, sometimes P, way more C than o

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14

elements in proteins

C, H, O, N, and sometimes S

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15

elements in carboydrates

C, H, O

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16

elements in nucleic acids

C, H, O, N, P

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17

What is the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen in carbohydrates?

1:2:1

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18

what are the uses of lipids?

store energy and make the cell membrane

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19

What are the uses of carbohydrates?

energy storage and makes up the cell wall

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20

What are the uses of nucleic acids?

RNA: make proteins
DNA: store genetic code

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21

what are the uses of proteins?

build and breaks down chemicals

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