particles (BG)

를

Object marker

Attaches directly after a noun

Used when object ends with a vowel

에

Going places

Attaches directly after noun, marking it as a location

NOT used to mark “to this person”

을

Object marker

Attaches directly after a noun

Used when object ends with consonant

는

Topic marker

Attaches directly to a noun

Used when topic ends with vowel

“As for…”

은

Topic marker

Attaches after a noun

Used when topic ends with consonant

“As for…”

When to use topic marker

if topic is not changing, do not reuse the topic marker (if you’re still talking about yourself, you don’t need to reuse 는)

도

“Also” “even” “too”

Attach directly after word or particle

Does not attach to unconjugated verbs, cannot be used by itself

이/가

Marks subject of a verb

이 when subject ends with consonant

가 when subject ends with vowel

만

“Only”

Cannot be used by itself

Attaches directly after a word

Usually takes the place of any other marker placed

의

Used to show possession (‘s in English)

Attaches directly after noun and cannot be used by itself

Pronounced like “eh”

들

Add to make a noun plural