Electrolysis

What happens to an ionic compound during electrolysis?

It decomposes or breaks down when an electric current is passed through it.

What is the function of the anode in an electrolytic cell?

The anode is the positive electrode where oxidation occurs and negatively charged ions migrate to lose electrons.

What is an electrolyte?

An electrolyte is the ionic compound in a molten or dissolved solution that conducts electricity.

What is the PANIC mnemonic used for in electrolysis?

To remember that Positive is Anode and Negative is Cathode.

What gas is produced at the cathode during the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride?

Hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode.

What is electroplating?

Electroplating is the process of coating the surface of one metal with a layer of a different metal.

What occurs at the cathode of an electrolytic cell?

Reduction occurs, where positively charged ions gain electrons.

Which ions are attracted to the anode during electrolysis?

Negatively charged ions (anions) are attracted to the anode.

What are the typical products of the electrolysis of dilute sulfuric acid?

Hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode and oxygen gas is produced at the anode.

In the electrolysis of copper sulfate, which ion is reduced at the cathode?

Copper ions (Cu²⁺) are reduced at the cathode to form copper metal.

What does the term oxidation refer to in electrochemistry?

Oxidation refers to the loss of electrons.

How are hydroxide ions oxidized during electrolysis?

Hydroxide ions (OH⁻) lose electrons to form oxygen gas and water.

What is the overall equation for the reaction within a hydrogen fuel cell?

Hydrogen + Oxygen → Water (2H₂ + O₂ → 2H₂O).

What is a disadvantage of hydrogen fuel cells compared to petrol engines?

Hydrogen is more difficult and expensive to store compared to petrol.

How does the concentration of an electrolyte affect the products of electrolysis?

If a concentrated solution is electrolyzed, the more concentrated ion usually gets discharged over the more dilute ion.

What is the role of inert electrodes in electrolysis?

Inert electrodes do not participate in side reactions with the electrolyte and allow the electrolysis to occur effectively.

What is the result when anhalogen ion is discharged at the anode?

The halogen loses electrons and forms the corresponding halogen gas.

The process of converting a liquid into a gas is known as _________.

Evaporation.

The _________ is the part of the cell where reduction occurs during electrolysis.

Cathode.

In electrolysis, negatively charged ions are called _________.

Anions.

During electroplating, a layer of _________ is deposited onto the surface of an object.

Metal.

The substance that conducts electricity in a solution is called an _________.

Electrolyte.

The _________ is the electrode where oxidation occurs in an electrolytic cell.

Anode.

The gas produced at the anode during the electrolysis of water is _________.

Oxygen.

Reducing agents are substances that _________ electrons.

Donate.

In the electrolysis of sodium chloride, __________ is produced at the cathode.

Hydrogen gas.

The process in which electric current is used to cause a chemical reaction is called _________.

Electrolysis.

What is electrolysis used for?

Electrolysis is used for tasks such as electroplating, purifying metals, and producing chemicals.

What happens at the anode during electrolysis?

At the anode, oxidation occurs as negatively charged ions lose electrons.

What type of reaction occurs at the cathode?

Reduction occurs at the cathode, where positively charged ions gain electrons.

What determines the products of electrolysis?

The products of electrolysis depend on the electrolyte used and the electrodes.

Which ion is typically discharged at the anode in the electrolysis of brine?

Chloride ions (Cl⁻) are typically discharged at the anode to form chlorine gas.

What safety precautions should be taken during electrolysis?

Safety precautions include using protective gear and ensuring proper ventilation to avoid gas buildup.

What is the role of the cathode in electroplating?

The cathode serves as the surface on which the metal layer is deposited during electroplating.

What is the electrical conductivity of pure water?

Pure water has very low electrical conductivity; it must contain an electrolyte to conduct electricity.

How does temperature affect the rate of electrolysis?

Increasing temperature generally increases the rate of electrolysis by enhancing ion movement.

What is the Faraday's law of electrolysis?

Faraday's law states that the amount of substance produced at an electrode is directly proportional to the electric charge passed through the electrolyte.