Forms of Energy

Energy

ability to do work or cause change that cannot be destroyed nor created

Parts of a Circuit

Wires, Power Source, Load (object)

Parallel Path

multiple paths

Series Path

one path

Parallel if one path is broken

circuit remains functional on other parts

Series if one path is broken

entire circuit is broken

Current

how much electricity passes

Parallel Current

divided among paths

Series Current

uses same current

Voltage

The “pressure” of the current and determines how much current there will be

Parallel Voltage

same as the source

Series Voltage

divided among all of them

Parallel Brightness

brighter because each gets full voltage

Series Brightness

depends on distance between load and power

Resistance Meaning

the opposition to the flow of electricity

Parallel Resistance

decreases with more bulbs

Series Resistance

increases with more bulbs

Parallel Safety and Use

used in household

Series Safety and Use

not practical for home

Ohm’s Law

current is proportionate to voltage and inversely proportional to resistance (VIR)

Voltage Unit

V

Current Unit

I = A

Resistance Unit

ohm

Light Energy

Moves in electromagnetic waves that reflect, absorb, or pass through

Sound Energy

produced by vibrations and travels through a medium (solid, liquid, gas)

Solid Sound Energy

Travels the fastest and is more immediate

Liquid Sound Energy

Travels faster than gas but slower than solids

Gas Sound Energy

Travels the slowest and sound is more prolonged

More Water Sound Pitch

higher pitch because less air means faster vibrations

Less Water Sound Pitch

lower pitch because more air means slower vibrations

Compression Sound Waves

sound waves that are more compressed

Rarefaction Sound Waves

sound waves that are more separated

Frequency Meaning

number of waves that determine pitch

Wave Lengths

the distance between the peaks of sound waves that determine pitch

Amplitude

the height of the sound waves that show how soft or loud a sound is

Transparent Light Rays

all light passes through

Translucent Light Rays

light rays are scattered, making it blurry

Opaque Light Rays

light rays are fully blocked from passing

Shadows

appears when an object blocks light from passing

White Light

made up of all colors that can be seen when reflected

Black Light

absorbs all colors and light which prevents it to reflect colors

What happens when different color light is shone through different color liquid

The liquid turns very dark or black because it can only reflect light that contains its color

Color Motion

Hot water molecules move faster which allow food coloring to mix faster while cold water molecules move slower

Alcohol Temperature

measures temperature by showing how a liquid molecules expands or contracts. Hot water molecules rapidly move the thermometer up faster, while cold water move slowly

How to read Alcohol Temperature

higher numbers signify farenheit (70+), while lower numbers (50) signify Celsius