English Colonization of North America

Mayflower Compact

Legal agreement creating a government based on consent of the governed

Plymouth

Settlement where Pilgrims landed in modern-day Massachusetts

Massachusetts Bay Colony

Powerful Puritan colony led by Governor John Winthrop

Great Puritan Migration

Movement from 1629 to 1642 led by Puritans to Massachusetts Bay

Mayflower

Ship that carried Pilgrims to the New World in 1620

Puritanism

Protestant movement to purify Anglican church from Roman Catholic practices

Separatists

Puritan group that left England to practice faith in the New World

Squanto

Native American who helped Pilgrims in Plymouth, teaching them to plant

John Winthrop

Governor of Massachusetts Bay Colony who delivered 'A Model of Christian Charity'

Roger Williams

Minister banished for advocating separation of church and state

Anne Hutchinson

Prominent figure banished for challenging Puritan beliefs and clergy authority

Rhode Island

Colony founded by Roger Williams with religious freedom and no church membership requirement for voters

Calvinists

Followers of Calvinism, whose principles dictated daily life in Massachusetts Bay Colony

Antinomianism

Belief in faith and God's grace over moral law and good deeds for salvation

Oliver Cromwell

Leader during the English Civil Wars, ruling as Lord Protector of England

Interregnum

Period between kings when Puritans had little motive to move to the New World

New England

Region with more family immigration, longer life expectancy, and stronger community sense

Chesapeake

Region with more single male immigrants, tobacco cash crop, and spread-out farming communities

Slavery

More prevalent in Chesapeake due to large farms requiring extensive labor

Puritan Immigration

Halted between 1649-1660 during Oliver Cromwell's rule, resumed with Stuart restoration

Stuarts

Restoration of monarchy in England, prompting further Puritan immigration to the New World

European Settlements

Various colonies established by European powers in North America by 1650