trends 4

democracy

power of the people

demos

people

kratos

power

by the people

government is run by the people themselves as they elect their leader and representatives

of the people

as rational beings, democracy is government of the people, not government of animals

for the people

since the government is created of and by the people, the activities and programs of the govt should promote common good for the people

direct democracy

citizens directly participate in public assemblies called by the state to decide on laws that will be passed, initiatives, appointing or dismissing state rulers

representative democracy

constitutional democracy, people control the government by electing the head of the executive department and choosing the members of the legislature which supervises over the people’s behalf

the people/demos

all adult members should participate in the electoral process, all adult or 18 yrs old

control of the agenda

citizens should have the opportunity to decide how matters are to be placed on the agenda

enlightened understanding

citizen ought to have adequate information to make a choice on what best serve community and society

effective participation

citizens can be rallied and mobilized to make their preferences realized through social and political participation

political participation

through elections of leaders, joining government forums, run for a govt position, etc

social participation

government allows people to socially participate in environmental programs

equality in the voting process

each citizen should be able to render a vote that will be counted as equal in weight to the choice expressed by any other citizen

parliamentary democracy

began in great britain. it features a leading party or coalition of parties whose leaders becomes the prime minister or chancellor

jeffersonian democracy

thomas jefferson, it presupposed that all male citizens were entitled to equal political opportunities

jacksonian democracy

andre jackson, it focused on the needs of the ordinary people rather than the needs of the elite and the educated.

liberal or constitutional democracy

founded on the principles of free and fair elections, a universal right to vote and a competitive political process where qualified people can run and be voted for office

social democracy

19th century. promotes universal access to health, education, just compensation for workers and social services.

diplomatic pressure

encouraging people to hold free elections and respect human rights

economic sanctions

penalizing regimes that violate democratic principles

support civil society

funding and training for ngos, media, and activities