Unit 1: Basics Of Chemistry

What is chemistry?

Branch of science that studies what matter is and how it changes. Everything involves chemistry.

How do organic compounds differ from inorganic compounds?

Organic compounds contain both carbon and hydrogen bonds. Most inorganic compounds do not contain carbon.

Name the five basic areas of chemistry and what scientists study in these areas:

Organic chemistry: study of carbon containing compounds in living and nonliving things. Inorganic chemistry: study of everything except carbon-based compounds. Bio chemistry: study of the chemical process that happens inside living things. Physical chemistry: study of chemical systems as they apply to physics concepts. Nuclear chemistry: study of chemical changes in the nucleus of an atom.

What are two methods for investigating science?

Scientific inquiry: evidence from observation and experiment is to create explanation. Scientific method: step-by-step method to answer a question.

Name the basic steps of scientific inquiry:

Ask a question/identify problem, conduct background research, create hypothesis, test hypothesis with experiments, make observations and collect data, analyze results/draw conclusion if false, change variable and begin again, share results.

What are models and why are they used in science?

Representation of particular situation, using something else to represent it. Allows to easily observe and gather data.

What is the difference between a scientific theory and a scientific law?

A law describes what happens and a theory describes why something happens.

Matter

Anything that occupies space and has mass

Disciplines

Branches of chemistry

Carbon Containing Compounds

Chemical substance that has carbon atoms

Scientific Inquiry

Process of using evidence from observation and experiment is to create an explanation

Scientific Method

step-by-step method to answer a question

Background Research

Collected information before, during, and after experiments

Hypothesis

Possible explanation

Observation

Using senses to gather data

Predictions

Educated guess on what will happen

Quantitative Data

Data gathered in units and numbers

Qualitative Data

Non measurable data

Results

Findings of a scientific inquiry

Pure Science

Search for knowledge or facts. Uses theories and predictions to understand nature.

Applied Science

Using knowledge in practical way

Model

Representation of particular situation, using something else to represent it. Allows to easily observe and gather data.

Theory

A proposed explanation that is based on an examination of facts. Facts can be observed and measured. A theory is a scientists explanation of the facts.

Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier

Wrote the law of conservation of mass in 1774

Law of conservation of mass

During a chemical reaction matter is neither created nor destroyed just rearranged.