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71. Which of the following is a feature found in both Neolithic societies and First Civilizations? A) Writing B) Patriarchy C) Cities D) —

C

72. Which of the following describes an effect of human activity on the environment in both agricultural village societies and First Civilizations? A) Pollution B) Global warming C) Deforestation D) Desertification

C

73. Paleolithic societies and First Civilizations both A) Relied on hunting and gathering B) Defined status through wealth C) Organized into centralized states D) Relied on agriculture

A

74. Persian political organization included which of the following features? A) Figurehead emperor B) Satraps C) Civil service exams D) Written constitution

B

75. Which of the following was a unique feature of political life in classical Greece? A) Rights to slaves B) Citizenship to foreigners C) Broad popular participation D) Voting rights for all men & women

C

76. Solon brought which reform to Athens after 594 B.C.E.? A) Abolition of debt slavery B) Creation of debt slavery C) Land redistribution D) Rights for elite women

A

77. What did the Persian Empire have in common with classical Greece in 500 B.C.E.? A) Centralized state B) Strong monarchs C) Sense of citizenship D) Ethnic homogeneity

C

78. In contrast to Persia, the political culture of Greece A) Emphasized monarchs B) Allowed participation of free males C) Excluded women D) Relied on satraps

B

79. A major development during the Hellenistic era was A) Sparta defeating Athens B) Spread of Greek culture C) Mongol conquest D) Expansion of Rome

B

80. A defining characteristic of an empire is A) Democratic republics B) States conquering, ruling, and extracting resources from others C) Single ethnic group D) Loose alliances

B

81. Which was a motivation for expansion of the Roman Empire? A) Desire to spread democracy B) Wealth and resources C) Pressure from Persia D) Religious conversion

B

82. What did Rome and China have in common? A) Christianity B) Centralized empires C) Caste systems D) Isolation

B

83. What was a consequence of the Greco-Persian Wars? A) Defeat of Alexander B) East-West split C) Golden Age for Athens D) Collapse of Persia

C

84. Political culture of classical Greece A) Unified under one empire B) Featured independent city-states C) Was theocratic D) Relied on satraps

B

85. Rome and Han China both A) Depended on slavery B) Invited conquered elites to become citizens C) Practiced Zoroastrianism D) Ignored conquered peoples

B

86. Rome and Han China collapsed partly because A) Plague epidemics B) Invasions by nomadic groups C) Rise of Islam D) Mongol invasion

B

87. Roman slavery differed from that in Greece in that A) Roman slaves had more legal rights B) Roman freed slaves could become citizens C) Roman slavery was absent from agriculture D) Roman slaves came only from Africa

B

88. Which of the following was true of women in Sparta? A) They participated in war B) They had more freedom than Athenian women C) They had no public role D) They ruled as queens

B

89. Patriarchies in the First Civilizations A) Declined due to matriarchy B) Varied in degree and expression across cultures C) Excluded men from farming D) Were less restrictive than in Paleolithic societies

B

90. Which cultural tradition is noted for secularism and human rationality? A) Greek thought B) Buddhism C) Christianity D) Hinduism

A

91. Buddhism and Hinduism are similar in that both A) Rejected karma B) Offered moksha/nirvana C) Monotheistic D) Denied rebirth

B

92. Which system reinforced inequality in India? A) Democracy B) Caste system C) Slavery D) Feudalism

B

93. The caste system encouraged loyalty to A) The emperor B) Local duties and responsibilities C) The church D) Military conquest

B

94. Confucianism emphasized A) Worship of gods B) Importance of family and social harmony C) Retreat into nature D) Legalistic punishments

B

95. Which Chinese philosophy emphasized harsh laws and punishments? A) Confucianism B) Daoism C) Legalism D) Buddhism

C

96. A distinctive feature of Greek civilization was A) Theocracy B) Free male participation in politics C) Hereditary kingship D) Centralized empire

B

97. Christianity and Buddhism are similar because both A) Focused on elite only B) Offered salvation to all C) Required state support D) Were tied to one ethnic group

B

98. Buddhism differs from Hinduism in that it A) Rejected caste B) Emphasized ritual C) Denied nirvana D) Focused on gods

A

99. Which religion originated in Persia? A) Christianity B) Zoroastrianism C) Buddhism D) Hinduism

B

100. Which cultural tradition emphasized harmony with nature? A) Confucianism B) Daoism C) Legalism D) Zoroastrianism

B

101. In India, what determined social status? A) Wealth B) Birth C) Military success D) Slavery

B

102. In contrast to China, India's social organization was A) Less rigid B) Defined by caste C) Based on citizenship D) Absent of inequality

B

103. The patriarchy in Athens A) Gave women equal rights B) Limited women to domestic sphere C) Allowed women military roles D) Permitted political participation

B

104. Greek slavery differed from Roman slavery because A) It was not widespread B) It was not race-based C) Slaves had political rights D) Only women enslaved

B

105. Which group was at the bottom of the caste system in India? A) Brahmins B) Kshatriyas C) Sudras D) Untouchables

D

106. Which system gave elite status to scholars? A) Caste system B) Confucianism C) Greek democracy D) Roman slavery

B

107. In China, peasants were honored more than merchants because A) They produced food B) They were wealthier C) They traveled more D) They were educated

A

108. A feature of the caste system in India was A) Social mobility B) Distinct, ranked groups C) Equality before law D) No marriage restrictions

B

109. In Athens, women were A) Restricted and excluded from public life B) Allowed to vote C) Property owners D) Priests with power

A

110. Slavery in the Roman Empire was A) Minor B) Absent from economy C) Widespread and essential D) Voluntary

C

111. The Han dynasty collapsed due to A) Mongol invasions B) Corruption, peasant revolts, invasions C) Rise of Christianity D) Overexpansion

B

112. Rome and Han both collapsed but differed because A) Rome never restored unity, China did B) Both fragmented permanently C) Rome adopted Confucianism D) China fragmented forever

A

113. Confucianism emphasized A) Family and filial piety B) Monotheism C) Equality of sexes D) Withdrawal from society

A

114. Daoism urged A) Harmony with nature B) Strict laws C) Monotheism D) Expansion

A

115. Legalism advocated A) Harsh laws and punishments B) Equality C) Worship of ancestors D) Withdrawal

A

116. Greek rationalism stressed A) Logic and questioning B) Worship of gods C) Ritual D) Obedience

A

117. Hinduism differs from Buddhism in that it A) Accepted caste B) Rejected ritual C) Taught equality D) Denied rebirth

A

118. Zoroastrianism influenced A) Judaism, Christianity, Islam B) Hinduism C) Daoism D) Buddhism

A

119. Christianity and Buddhism both A) Started small and spread widely B) Rejected missionaries C) Stayed local D) Were state religions early

A

120. Which religion spread to East Asia? A) Buddhism B) Christianity C) Zoroastrianism D) Judaism

A

121. Which region had the most slave-based economy? A) China B) India C) Mediterranean D) Persia

C

122. Which empire relied least on slavery? A) Rome B) Greece C) India D) China

D

123. Patriarchy in Sparta A) Allowed women more freedom than Athens B) Equal to Athens C) Gave no roles D) Gave women politics

A

124. Which region had a caste system? A) China B) India C) Greece D) Rome

B

125. Confucian exams gave status to A) Priests B) Merchants C) Scholars D) Soldiers

C

126. Buddhism originated in A) China B) India C) Persia D) Greece

B

127. Which philosophy focused on harsh punishments? A) Confucianism B) Daoism C) Legalism D) Buddhism

C

128. Which emphasized questioning and logic? A) Greek thought B) Buddhism C) Hinduism D) Daoism

A

129. Christianity became legal under A) Alexander B) Constantine C) Julius Caesar D) Augustus

B

130. Zoroastrianism was based on A) Dualism of good and evil B) Karma C) Reincarnation D) Nirvana

A

131. Buddhism spread to A) East Asia B) Europe C) Africa D) Middle East

A

132. Which religion influenced Christianity? A) Judaism B) Daoism C) Hinduism D) Buddhism

A

133. Christianity spread widely because A) It was inclusive B) It was exclusive C) It supported caste D) It ignored poor

A

134. Christianity changed from A) Persecuted to state-supported B) Privileged to persecuted C) Hierarchical to equal D) Theology to mythology

A

135. Conceptions of divine in Buddhism, Hinduism, Christianity all A) Extinguish self B) See natural world as sacred C) Believe unity of life D) Reject gods

B

136. Which philosophy emphasized harmony with nature? A) Confucianism B) Legalism C) Daoism D) Zoroastrianism

C

137. After 500 C.E., Christianity A) Stayed in Mediterranean B) Spread to Europe, Africa, Asia C) Wasn't missionary D) Became Asian religion

B

138. Which tradition emphasized logic and questioning over gods? A) Greek B) Daoist C) Zoroastrian D) Hindu

A

139. Which contributed to decline of Christianity in Asia and Africa? A) Rise of Islam B) Refusal of converts C) Lack of missionaries D) Natural disasters

B

140. Both Buddhism and Christianity A) Excluded women B) Focused only on next world C) Ignored poor D) Offered hope of release

D