Unit one: Photosynthesis & Gene Pathways
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17 Terms
What is the main enzyme responsible for carbon fixation in the Calvin-Benson cycle?
RuBisCO (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase)
Which molecule provides energy for the Calvin cycle?
ATP
What two protein complexes are part of the photosynthetic electron transport chain?
Photosystem II (PSII) and Photosystem I (PSI)
What’s the role of NADPH in photosynthesis?
It provides electrons for carbon fixation in the Calvin cycle.
Where in the cell does the light reaction take place?
In the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.
What is the main function of the Calvin-Benson cycle?
To fix carbon dioxide into glucose using ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions.
Where does the Calvin-Benson cycle occur in the cell?
In the stroma of the chloroplast
What is the name of the enzyme that catalyzes the first step of the Calvin cycle?
RuBisCO (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase).
What are the three main phases of the Calvin cycle?
Carbon fixation
Reduction
Regeneration of RuBP
What molecules are used in the Calvin cycle that come from the light-dependent reactions?
ATP and NADPH
What’s the main goal of the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis?
To produce ATP and NADPH and release oxygen by splitting water.
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur?
In the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast.
What molecule is the final electron acceptor in the light reactions?
NADP+, which becomes NADPH
What is the purpose of the electron transport chain in photosynthesis?
To move electrons from water to NADP+ while pumping protons to make ATP via chemiosmosis.
Which part of the chloroplast stores H+ ions during the light reactions?
The thylakoid lumen.
What is photophosphorylation?
The process of making ATP from ADP and Pi using light energy.
Why are photosynthesis genes important to study in parasitic plants?
Because parasitic plants may lose or deactivate these genes, showing how they’ve evolved to depend on hosts instead of photosynthesis.