3.2 PROBLEM SOLVING

The ability to make choices, interpret, formulate, model and investigate problem situations, and communicate solutions effectively.

Problem Solving

A famous mathematician in the 1950’s and joined the faculty of Stanford University in 1942.

Problem Solving

A Hungarian who immigrated to the United States in 1940.

George Polya 1887-1985

George Polya 1887-1985

His major contribution is for his work in problem solving. Growing up he was very frustrated with the practice of having to regularly memorize information

Enumerate Polya’s 4 steps in problem solving:

Understand the problem

Devise a plan

Carry out the plan

Look back and check

Step 1: Understand the Problem

Note the keywords.

Get to know the problem setting.

Find all what is asked.

Restate the problem in your own words.

Draw an illustration of the problem.

Step 2: Devise a Plan

To solve the problem, you can use of strategies. A strategy is defined as an artful means to an end.

1.Guess and test

2. Draw a picture/diagram

3. Solve an equation/Use of Variable

4. Look for a pattern

5. Make a list or table

6. Work backward

7. Use logical reasoning (deductive)

Step 3: Carry out the Plan

• Implement the strategy that you have chosen until the problem is solved.

• Give yourself a reasonable amount of time to solve the problem.

• Do not be afraid of starting over. Often, a new strategy will lead to success.

Step 4: Look back and check

The appropriateness/applicability of your solution should satisfy the statement of the problem, you can see an easier solution and can extend your solution to a more general case.