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Madison Senior Highschool, Rexburg Idaho
What is government?
An institution through which a society makes and enforces its public policies.
What are the three branches of government?
Executive, Legislative, Judicial
What is required to be a state?
People, Land, Government, Sovereignty
What is sovereignty?
The ability to self govern. (not having to follow anyone else's rules)
Does Idaho have sovereignty?
No. None of the "states" in the United States have sovereignty.
How are states made? (4 theories)
Force, Evolution, Divine Right, Social Contract
Who developed the social contract theory? When was it developed?
Developed in the 17th and 18th century by John Locke
What are the 5 basic principles of Democracy?
Majority Rule and Minority Rights, Equality of All Persons, Necessity of Compromise, Individual Freedom, and Worth of the Individual
What are the 4 factors of the Free Enterprise System? (Capitalism)
Private ownership, individual initiative, profit, and competition
Who wrote Common Sense?
Thomas Paine
When was Common Sense written?
January 1776
What was the purpose of common sense?
To inspire the colonists to fight against the British
Who were members of the committee of 5?
Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Robert Livingston, Thomas Jefferson, Roger Sherman
Who was the first signature of the declaration of independence?
John Hancock
Who was the author of the Declartation of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
How many signatures were on the declaration of independence?
56
How to avoid communism?
Do not obey in advance
Defend institutions
Beware of the one-party state
Take responsibility for the face of the world
Be aware of your actions
Do not go with the flow. STAND OUT
Interact with others
Have a private life
Have courage
etc...
When were the Articles of Confederation written?
1777 - during the war for independence
Why did they want a confederation?
It was less government. They didn't want to go from one tyrant to another.
What was the confederation structure?
Only one branch (legislature), no president, no court system, one vote per state
How many states were required to pass a law?
9 out of 13
How long did the confederation last?
Only about 10 years.
Why was there no national capital?
It had the possibility of giving the control of the nation to a singular state.
How to amend the articles?
All states had to agree
What were some problems with the confederation?
Trade and tariffs couldn't be regulated Disputes between states Different currencies No way to enforce taxes / laws
Who led the charge to get rid of the Articles?
James Madison
Why did we split the government?
To have checks and balances, ensuring that neither branch would get to powerful
Seats in the house are based off of what?
population
How many seats does each state get in the senate?
2
What were the 2 compromises on slavery?
20 year delay on banning slave imports 3/5ths of slaves would be counted as population
Why didn't all of the states like the proposed constitution?
1- too much government power 2- ratification didn't require all states approval 3- no more sovereignty for states 4- no guarantee of rights for the people
Federalists and Anti-Federalists
Federalists liked the new constitution ...Anti-federalists didn't
How many federalist papers were written?
85
Who wrote the federalist papers?
Alexander Hamilton wrote 51 of them, and the rest were written by other supporters.
How were the anti-federalists convinced?
bill of rights. (describes the rights of the people)
When was the Constitution ratified?
1788
6 principals of the constitution
popular sovereignty, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, judicial review, federalism
Federalism definition
division of powers
difference between division of powers and separation of powers?
separation = legislative, executive, and judicial division = national vs state
Delegated is for? Reserved is for?
delegated = national reserved = state
What are the 3 types of national powers
expressed, implied, inherent
Amendment 11
If someone sues a state, that case goes to state court
Amendment 12
President and Vice President run together, each elector only gets one vote
Amendment 13
Abolition of Slavery
Amendment 14
If you are born in the U.S. then you are automatically a citizen of the U.S. AND the state you live in.
Amendment 15
You cannot prevent a person from voting because of race, color, or creed.
Amendment 16
congress can tax incomes directly
Amendment 17
Direct election of senators
Amendment 18
Prohibition of alcohol
Amendment 19
Women are allowed to vote
Amendment 20
President takes office on January 20th at noon
Amendment 21
GETS RID OF PROHIBITION
Amendment 22
Limits the president to two terms, 10 years max
Amendment 23
Washington D.C. residents gets 3 electoral votes for president.
Amendment 24
Outlaws poll taxes
Amendment 25
Who becomes president if the president dies / is disabled?
Amendment 26
18 year olds get to vote.
Amendment 27
Congress can raise its salary, but they don't get the money until AFTER the next election.
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Flashcard (21)