DCUSH Final Study Guide

How did Herbert Hoover's handle the Great Depression?

He thought the government should not interfere with economy. He asked Americans to work towards a common goal. He asked the government to reduce taxes, lower interest rates, and create public work programs. He made the Hoover Dam which gave jobs to American people

what where the critics of the New Deal?

conservatives say it made government too powerful, destroys free enterprise, it was socialist, and it abandoned democratic party principles of limited federal government. Some people say it did not do enough. it did not end the depression or help individuals.

who were the most significant critics of the new deal?

populist.(Francis Townsend, Father Charles Mccaughlin, and Huey long

why did Americans push for Mexican American and Asian American repatriation

some Americans wanted to eliminate minority competition for jobs. A process by which the government officials return people to their country of origin.

John Maynard Keynes

He was one of the most influential economists of the great depression.

pump priming

economic theory that favored public works projects because they put money into the hands of consumers who would buy more goods, stimulating the economy

Roosevelt Presidency

He is famous for his domestic program Square Deal which had three basic ideas known as the "three C's": conservation of natural resources, control of corporations, and consumer protection

22nd Amendment

Limits the president to two terms or 10 years.

Genocide

Wiping out an entire group of people

Blitzkrieg

lightning warfare; military strategy used by Nazi Germany

Significance of the Battle of the Bulge

Where Germans advanced into the Allied battle lines forming a bulge and eventually were defeated. Allied victory and heavy losses for Germany; race to Berlin had begun. largest Battle of WWII.

What is V-E Day?

Victory in Europe, May 8, 1945

why did Truman decide to drop the atomic bombs?

to avoid American life loss in an invasion of Japan

Who was Dwight D. Eisenhower?

A US General who led the overall operations of Operation Overlord (D-Day Invasions).

What was the Manhattan Project?

the plan to develop the atomic bomb. It was developed by J. Robert Oppenheimer.

What where the Nuremberg trials?

trials in which Nazi leaders were charged with "crimes against humanity"

what division where the band of brothers?

101st Airborne Division Easy Company

What was Auschwitz during WW2?

Largest concentration camp in Poland

Who were the beatniks?

Young people who rejected the materialism of the 1950s. Members belong to the "beat generation" who rejected conformity.

who is Mao Ze?

Former communist leader of China and south Korea

who did America support?

South Korea (nationalists)

who did the soviets support

North Korea (communist)

what is the iron curtain?

The Iron Curtain was a metaphor for the extreme political and ideological division that separated Western Europe from the Soviet Union and its satellite states in the east.

Truman Doctrine

It provide aid to anyone who was resisting communism

Eisenhower Doctrine

US would defend the Middle East against any attack by a communist country.

What is McCarthyism?

the practice of making accusations of subversion or treason without proper regard for evidence

what are suburbs?

small residential communities surrounding cities

what is US national mass culture?

Movies, consumerism, cars, television, rock and roll, and religious faith

Beat movement

A time period where people were anti-society and anti-conformity, they criticized American life, politics, and "empty" culture.

Rock and Roll

became a popular music genre in the fifties with the introduction of Elvis Presley

Dr. Jonas Salk

developed a vaccine for polio

Warren Commission

committee that investigated the assassination of President Kennedy

Lee Harvey Oswald

United States assassin of President John F. Kennedy (1939-1963)

Brown v. Board of Education

1954 - The Supreme Court overruled Plessy v. Ferguson, declared that racially segregated facilities are inherently unequal and ordered all public schools desegregated. overturned separate but equal

Black Power Movement

African American movement that focused on gaining control of economic and political power to achieve equal rights by force in necessary. (Malcolm X)

Critics of Black Power Movement

was not Non-Violent

Goal of the Montgomery Improvement Association during the bus boycotts

to desegregating the buses

Montgomery Bus Boycotts

In 1955, after Rosa Parks was arrested for refusing to give up her seat on a city bus, Dr. Martin L. King led a boycott of city busses. After 11 months the Supreme Court ruled that segregation of public transportation was illegal.

Southern Christian Leadership Conference

1957 group founded by Martin Luther King Jr. to fight against segregation using nonviolent means

Freedom Riders

Group of civil rights workers who took bus trips through southern states in 1961 to protest illegal bus segregation

Malcolm X

1952; renamed himself X to signify the loss of his African heritage; converted to Nation of Islam in jail in the 50s, became Black Muslims' most dynamic street orator and recruiter; his beliefs were the basis of a lot of the Black Power movement built on seperationist and nationalist impulsesto achieve true independence and equality

de jure segregation

segregation by law

Purpose of the March on Washington

To urge JFK to pass a strict civil rights bill through Congress

Fall of Saigon

Marked the end of the Vietnam War in April, 1975 when North Vietnamese invaded South Vietnam, forcing all Americans left to flee in disarray as the capitol was taken

US main goal in Vietnam

Stop the spread of communism

General William Westmoreland

The commander of U.S. forces in Vietnam

Draft deferment

Delay entry into the draft by medical condition or being a college student

Events of 1968

vietnam war, civil rights movements, mlk assassinated, robert kennedy assassinated, richard nixon elected

United States aid to France post- WWII

Helped France with getting control over Vietnam

Ho Chi Minh Trail

A network of paths used by North Vietnam to transport supplies to the Vietcong in South Vietnam

War Powers Act

Act that grants emergency executive powers to president to run war effort

Tet Offensive

a massive surprise attack by the Vietcong on South Vietnamese towns and cities in early 1968.

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution was a joint resolution of the U.S. Congress passed on August 7, 1964 in direct response to a minor naval engagement known as the Gulf of Tonkin Incident. It is of historical significance because it gave U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson authorization, without a formal declaration of war by Congress, for the use of military force in Southeast Asia.

Domino Theory

A theory that if one nation comes under Communist control, then neighboring nations will also come under Communist control.

Silent Majority

A phrase used to describe people, whatever their economic status, who uphold traditional values, especially against the counterculture of the 1960s

White House Tapes and executive privilege

Nixon initially refused to release the tapes, putting two reasons forward: first, that the Constitutional principle of executive privilege extends to the tapes and citing the separation of powers and checks and balances within the Constitution, and second, claiming they were vital to national security.

Fall of East Germany and the Berlin Wall

a peaceful Revolution which marked the destruction of the Berlin wall and figurative iron curtain

Public's support of Reagan during the 1980 election

he had support from religious people