Genomes, Contraception, and STI's

A set of 100 fill-in-the-blank flashcards based on the lecture notes about Genomes, Contraception, and STIs.

Advances in genomics help determine __ to diseases.

susceptibility

Pharmacogenomics enhances __ response.

medication

Nurses assess genetic risks for conditions like __ during pregnancy.

Down syndrome (DS)

Core competencies for nurses include pedigree __.

construction

Family history reveals inherited risks and insights into __.

disease patterns

The preconception period is ideal for reviewing __ history.

family

Predictive testing clarifies genetic status of __ family members.

asymptomatic

PGx testing examines how __ are metabolized.

medications

Gene therapy aims to correct defective __ responsible for disease.

genes

Oncogenes and __ are involved in the genetic basis of cancer.

tumor suppressor genes

BRCA mutations are inherited in an __ dominant pattern.

autosomal

A woman with a harmful BRCA mutation has a __ chance of passing it on.

50%

Emotional support in genetic counseling is a key __ of nursing.

function

Informed consent involves discussing benefits, __, alternatives, inquiries, decisions, explanations, and documentation.

risks

The effectiveness of contraception can be expressed in terms of __ effectiveness.

theoretical

Coitus interruptus has a failure rate of up to __%.

22

Calendar-based methods rely on calculations based on menstrual __.

cycles

Oral contraceptives decrease the risk of endometrial and __ cancer.

ovarian

Emergency contraception reduces the risk of pregnancy by __% if taken within 5 days.

97

The maternal heart rate increases by __% during pregnancy.

30-50

Chadwick sign is characterized by a __ color of the vaginal mucosa.

violet-blue

Ballottement is the technique used for the passive movement of the __ fetus.

unengaged

The average age of menarche is approximately __ years old.

12.4

Absence of menstrual flow for greater than 6 months is termed __ amenorrhea.

secondary

The risk for Down syndrome increases with __ age.

maternal

Turner syndrome is the most common deviation in __.

females

Trisomy 18 is also known as __ syndrome.

Edwards

Trisomy 21 is commonly recognized as __ syndrome.

Down

Hemophilia is an example of an __ linked recessive disorder.

X

A negative HCG test usually indicates that pregnancy has __ occurred.

not

Uterine growth is stimulated by the hormones __ and progesterone.

estrogen

The first sign of pregnancy often includes __ frequency.

urinary

Braxton Hicks contractions begin around __ months of pregnancy.

4

The typical pattern of inheritance for autosomal dominant disorders shows a __ pattern.

vertical

A positive pregnancy test is considered __ evidence of pregnancy.

probable

Factors affecting contraceptive effectiveness include coital __ and understanding of method use.

frequency

Increased urine stasis during pregnancy is due to the heavy __ displacing the urinary tract.

uterus

Factors that influence genetic testing decisions include cultural and __ differences.

ethnic

Prenatal testing and screening provide genetic risk information during __ care.

prenatal

Lactation preparation begins by mid-pregnancy with the formation of __.

colostrum

Nurses assess women's knowledge about __ and contraception.

reproduction

Gestational diabetes screening is typically performed during the __ trimester.

second

X-linked recessive disorders predominantly affect __.

males

The preconception period is ideal for carrying out __ counseling.

genetic

A carrier is someone who has one abnormal allele for a __ disorder.

recessive

Maternal blood volume increases by __% during pregnancy.

40-45

The presence of a simian crease is a characteristic of __ syndrome.

Down

Increased __ is a noticeable change during pregnancy due to hormonal adjustments.

blood volume

Women over 35 years of age are at higher risk for having a child with __ syndrome.

Down

Pelvic examinations should be performed at initial prenatal __ visits.

care

Family history can provide insights into genetic __ risks.

health

Adverse reactions and effectiveness of certain medications can be assessed through __ testing.

pharmacogenomic

Understanding of PGx testing is critical for dose __ in medication management.

optimization

Women seeking emergency contraception must do so within __ hours of unprotected intercourse.

120

Ballottement can be detected starting at __ weeks of gestation.

16-18

Chadwick sign appears around to weeks of pregnancy.

6; 8

Predictive testing can include presymptomatic and __ assessments.

predispositional

Turner syndrome is characterized by a __ chromosomal composition.

45,X

Diaphragms must not be used during __ due to the risk of TSS.

menses

Predispositional testing indicates susceptibility, not __ risk, for diseases.

100%

Individuals with Turner syndrome may exhibit features such as short __ and webbed neck.

stature

Turner syndrome is typically diagnosed with the help of a __ test that analyzes chromosomal composition.

karyotype

One common health issue associated with Turner syndrome is __ heart defects.

congenital

Girls with Turner syndrome often require hormone therapy for __ development.

pubertal

Klinefelter syndrome is characterized by the presence of an extra __ chromosome.

X

Individuals with Klinefelter syndrome typically have a __ phenotype due to the extra X chromosome.

male

Common symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome include reduced __ levels, leading to infertility.

testosterone

The condition is often diagnosed through a __ analysis that reveals chromosomal abnormalities.

karyotype

Males with Klinefelter syndrome may experience __ breast development, a condition known as gynecomastia.

breast

Early diagnosis and treatment of Klinefelter syndrome can improve __ outcomes for affected individuals.

educational

Individuals with Klinefelter syndrome often have learning and __ difficulties during childhood.

behavioral

Hormone replacement therapy can be beneficial for managing symptoms of Klinefelter syndrome, particularly in improving __ function.

sexual

BRCA mutations are inherited in an ________ pattern; thus, each offspring of an individual found to carry a BRCA mutation has a 50% chance of inheriting the same mutation

Autosomal dominant