Vet Nursing Exam 2

triage

order of which animal needs care first

airway

a in the abcs of triage

route air can get through

what does airway in the abcs of triage mean

breathing

b in the abcs of triage

brain telling pet to breath

what does breathing in the abcs of triage mean

circulation

c in the abcs of triage

blood flowing to entire body and limbs

circulation in the abcs of triage mean

dysfunction (disability of CNS)

d in the abcs of triage

alert and have normal reflexes

dysfunction in the abcs of triage mean

exam

e in the abcs of triage

epistaxis

medical term for bloody nose

stridor

taking effort to breath

tracheotomy

incision into the trachea

digital ligation

physically holding off blood flow with your hand

visual exam of respiratory effort, pattern and audible airway sounds.

first step in triage

cover hole quickly with liquid material and then compression over it

what do you do if animal comes in with a hold in their chest

foreign body in mouth/nose, pleural deficits, diminished heart and lungs, crackles in lungs, collapsed lung

what do you look for during airway exam

intubation

process with a tube into throat and down trachea

oxygen delivery

what to look for in breathing exam

10-15 resp per 1 min

manual with ambu bag resp rate

15-20 cm of pressure

if intubated and on an oxygen machine the appropriate pressure needed

LOC

level of consciousness

loc, heart rate, limb temps, mm color

what to look at for circulation exam

ractive to environment, pain, coordinated movements

normal dysfunction signs

disoriented, uncoordinated movement

obtunded dysfunction signs

semi conscious, uncontrolled movement

stupor dysfunction signs

not reactive to environment or pain

comatose dysfunction signs

pupil reflex, limb reflexes, pain response

what to check for CNS dysfuction

wounds, bruising, fractures, abdominal girth

what to look for during physical exam for triage

muzzle, stabilize before moving

2 things to do for transporting injured animals

strap patients down in stretchers

important when using a stretcher

blood from veins

dark red blood (from where?)

arterial bleeding

bright red blood

-rrhade

bursting forth

hemorrhage

blood bursting forth

pressure, elevation

ways to control bleeding from a vein

spurts with each heartbeat

sign of arterial bleeding (not color)

gangrene

lack of oxygen

moisten with water

what to do when internal organs are exposed during a surgical procedure

stabilize with something

what to do if bones are exposed

slide animal onto solid surface and tape down

what to do of spine is exposed

broomstick, magazine, wood

what are examples of what you can use to stabilize a limb

saline, contact solution

what are examples of things you can use to keep a wound moist

insecticides, crayons, arsenic

3 things that you want to make animal vomit after ingesting them

bleach, laundry detergent, fertilizer

3 things that you don’t want to make animal vomit after ingesting them

coat stomach and absorb chemicals

what to do when animal ingest chemicals that will do more harm if vomits

emetic

cause vomiting

5mL of hydrogen peroxide per 10 lbs

ratio of hydrogen peroxide to induce vomiting in dogs

apomorphine tablets

another emetic for dogs (besides hydrogen peroxide

stomach ulcers

what can happen if try hydrogen peroxide multiple time to induce vomiting

activated charcoal

substance that coats the stomach, reduces toxin by 60%

id plant, call poison control

what to do if ingested plant

theobromine

active ingredient for chocolate

4-16 / 16-32

oz of milk chocolate in toxic dose (small / large)

4oz

oz of bakers chocolate that will kill a large dog

induce vomiting, then activated charcoal

how to treat if dog got into chocolate

warfarin or strychnine

active ingredient in rat poisons

vitamin k

what is the treatment for ingesting rat poison

ethylene glycol

active ingredient in antifreeze

acetaminophen

common human med that is toxic to cats

milk

what washes off poison ivy well

remove/turn off stimulants, time how long

what to do if animals has a seizure

2-3 weeks

how long for frostbitten areas to break off

slowly warm area

treatment for frostbite

hypothermia

term for cold

hyperthermia

term for hot

106

max heat brain can handle

pour alcohol over

how to cool paw pads

oxygen, IV fluids, catheters, hemostats, sutures, syringe/needles

key things for vet clinic emergency bag

colic

stomachach

2 min cycles

how long each cpr cycle should be performed

100-120/min

chest compression rate in dogs and cats

left lateral recumbency

position for cpr

widest part of the chest

where to place hands for cpr

area of heart

where to place hands for cpr in deep chested dogs

2 min

when to rotate people in cpr

10 breaths / min

ventilation rate

10mL / kg

tidal volume rate

room air or O2

what are you ventilating with

2 breaths

how many breaths given for every 30 chest compressions

1/3 - 1/2 depth

how deep should chest compressions be (depth of chest)

endotracheal intubation

ideal ventilation

monitoring, catheter, med, fluids

what is included in advanced life support

atropine

med that dries saliva and slows gut movement

every other cycle

when is medication given during BLS

transverse

non-dispalced fracture

transverse

displaced fracture

compound

fracture with bone outside body

oblique

fracture at the angle of the long axis of bone

communuted

fracture with bone broken into multiple peices

greenstick

not fully fractured

compound

most challenging fracture to heal

antivenin, diphenhydramine

treatment for snakebites

thermal, electrical, chemical

3 types of burns

sunburn, stove, hot sidwalk

examples of thermal burns

electric fence, chewing cords

examples of electrical burns

aerosol, bleach

examples of chemical burns

superficial, only epidermis

1st degree burn

half of epidermis

2nd degree burn

destroys full thickness of skin

3rd degree burn