Ford and Carter Administration HOA Quiz

Nelson Rockefeller

Ford's Vice President and influential political figure.

Walter Mondale

Carter's Vice President and political advisor.

Henry Kissinger

National Security Adviser and Secretary of State under Ford.

Donald Rumsfeld

Key figure in Ford Administration, held multiple roles.

Jody Powell

Carter's press secretary and key advisor.

Hamilton Jordan

Carter's de facto chief of staff.

Burt Lance

Budget Director during Carter's presidency, known for Lance Affairs.

Cyrus Vance

Secretary of State under Carter, favored negotiation.

Zbigniew Brzezinski

Carter's National Security Adviser, advocated confrontation.

Iran Hostage Crisis

Carter's significant foreign policy challenge involving hostages.

Gerald R. Ford

First president appointed, not elected, after Nixon.

Nixon Pardon

Ford's controversial act to pardon Richard Nixon.

Public Reaction to Pardon

Ford's popularity plummeted post-Nixon pardon decision.

Hungate Committee

Congressional committee investigating Ford's Nixon pardon.

John Robert Green

Historian focused on Ford's presidency.

James Cannon

Author of 'Gerald R. Ford: An Honorable Life'.

Robert A. Strong

Historian analyzing Carter's presidency.

Gaddis Smith

Author of 'Morality, Reason and Power' about Carter.

Stuart Eizenstat

Wrote 'President Carter: The White House Years'.

Jonathan Alter

Author of 'His Very Best: Jimmy Carter, a Life'.

Ford's Leadership

Characterized by domestic and foreign policy challenges.

Ford's Background

University of Michigan athlete, WWII veteran, lawyer.

House Minority Leader

Ford's leadership role from 1965 to 1973.

Presidential Testimony

Ford first president since Lincoln to testify before Congress.

Pardon

Ford denied making any commitment regarding Nixon's pardon.

Economic Decline

Key issue due to service sector growth.

Inflation

Main economic problem when Ford took office.

WIN Program

Ford's initiative urging public to reduce spending.

Public Skepticism

Public response to WIN was largely doubtful.

Vladivostok Accords

Outline for successor treaty to SALT I.

Shuttle Diplomacy

Kissinger mediated Arab-Israeli conflict to ease oil crisis.

Sinai Agreements

Led to Israeli withdrawal and UN buffer zone.

Cuban Relations

Ford's attempt to normalize relations with Cuba.

Helsinki Accords

Agreement important for Cold War diplomacy.

Dissident

Individual opposing official policy or government.

Mayaguez Incident

Ford's response to Cambodian seizure of U.S. ship.

Bicentennial

1976 celebration of American Independence, major cultural event.

Protests

Various groups protested during the Bicentennial celebrations.

1976 Election

Campaign focused on trust between candidates.

Ronald Reagan

Challenged Ford during the 1976 primary campaign.

Robert Dole

Nominated as Ford's vice presidential candidate in 1976.

Jimmy Carter

Won 1976 election as a Washington outsider.

Energy Crisis

One of the three economic problems Ford faced.

Unemployment

Another major economic issue during Ford's presidency.

CIA Reform

Ford initiated reforms within the Central Intelligence Agency.

Military Spending Impact

Vietnam War spending contributed to 1970s inflation.

Jimmy Carter

39th President of the United States (1977-1981)

Georgia Peanut Farmer

Carter's profession before entering politics.

Democrat from Georgia

Carter's political affiliation and state of origin.

State Senate (1963-1971)

Carter served in Georgia's legislature before governorship.

Governor of Georgia (1971-1975)

Carter's role before becoming President.

Bicentennial Campaign (1976)

Carter ran for president during America's 200th anniversary.

Walter Mondale

Carter's Vice President and key advisor.

Georgia Mafia

Carter's close-knit group of advisors from Georgia.

Stagflation

Economic condition of rising prices and stagnation.

Department of Energy

Created to address energy issues under Carter.

Malaise Speech

Carter's speech addressing national lack of confidence.

Andrew Young

First African American UN ambassador appointed by Carter.

Vietnam-era draft evaders

Carter pardoned most individuals who avoided the draft.

Human Rights Policy

Carter's foreign policy focused on promoting human rights.

Notre Dame Address

Carter's speech outlining his human rights foreign policy.

National Energy Program

Carter's initiative to reduce oil dependency.

Oil Dependency

Carter identified this as a major national issue.

Ted Kennedy

Challenged Carter in the 1980 Democratic primary.

Department of Education

Established to oversee education policies during Carter's term.

Economic Challenges

Carter faced rising prices and economic stagnation.

Carter's Image Problem

Poor media portrayal affected Carter's public perception.

Lance Affair

A significant early political controversy during Carter's presidency.

Carter's Leadership Style

Portrayed as a Washington outsider with moral conviction.

Containment

U.S. strategy to prevent Soviet expansion.

Détente

Easing of tensions between U.S. and USSR.

Human Rights Categories

Three rights: integrity, vital needs, civil rights.

Flexibility in Policy

Adaptation based on specific international cases.

Carter Administration

Focused on human rights in foreign policy.

Realpolitik

Nixon's pragmatic approach to foreign affairs.

Carter Doctrine

Military force to protect U.S. interests in Gulf.

Camp David Accords

Framework for peace between Israel and Egypt.

Egypt-Israel Peace Agreement

Concluded in March 1979 after Camp David.

Pre-1967 Borders

Israel agreed to restore borders with Egypt.

Panama Canal Treaties

Gave Panama control of the Panama Canal.

Sino-American Relations

U.S. recognized PRC as sole government of China.

Diplomatic Relations with China

Established in December 1978 after secret negotiations.

SALT II Treaty

Limited nuclear forces between U.S. and USSR.

SALT II Delayed

Senate consideration postponed due to Afghan invasion.

Iran Hostage Crisis

U.S. embassy seized; hostages held from 1979-1981.

Shah of Iran

Fled Iran due to revolution in January 1979.

Carter's Foreign Policy Goals

Address international wrongs over national interests.

Carter's Diplomacy

Focused on human rights and peace negotiations.

Torrijos-Carter Treaties

Negotiated by Carter for Panama Canal control.

Middle East Peace Efforts

Carter's significant focus during Camp David Summit.

Iranian Revolution

Overthrew pro-American Shah, leading to U.S. embassy crisis.

Negotiating Deadlock

Carter aimed to resolve Arab-Israeli disputes.

Ayatollah Khomeini

Leader of Iran's fundamentalist clerics during revolution.

U.S. Embassy Invasion

Radical students took 66 Americans hostage.

444 Days

Duration American diplomats were held hostage.

Carter's Foreign Policy

Undermined by the Iran hostage crisis.

Warren Christopher

Deputy Secretary who resolved the hostage crisis.

1980 Presidential Election

Carter's loss linked to hostage crisis.

Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan

December 1979 military intervention by Soviet Union.

Brezhnev Doctrine

Soviet policy to maintain socialist governments.