Science Chap 9.1

What happens when there is climate change?

Climate change causes an increase in sea surface temperatures. This in turn leads to longer and more intense storms that begin over warm oceans in tropical regions.

what are ‘longer and more intense storms’ called?

tropical cyclones

what are tropical cyclones usually accompanied by?

heavy rain & strong winds

Strong winds can exert GREAT forces on object in their way.

what can tropical cyclones cause?

flooding

what can flooding result in?

the rapidly moving floodwaters can exert great forces on the soil and loosen it, resulting in landslides

broken objects that are carried away from strong winds can..

injure people/buildings

what are the ‘many huge pieces of rock that make up Earths surface’ called?

they are called plates.

do plates move around continuously very slowly? (yes/no)

yes

how are earthquakes/tremors caused?

They are caused when a plate slides over or against another plate.

what happens when a plate slides against/over another plate?

The force exerted between the two plates may result in a great amount of energy released.

rock melts into…

magma

what causes a volcanic eruption?

when magma is pushed out towards earth’s surface with great force, the earth moves violently, causing a volvanic eruption.

what is a great amount of energy within Earth released as?

it is released as heat energy, light energy and kinetic energy.

volcanic eruptions cause serious damage (true/false)

true

what causes tsunamis?

can be either the vigorous movement of the ocean floor (earthquakes/tremors) or volcanic eruptions that displaces the ocean water, causing a tsunami

describe the energy conversion when a tsunami occurs

waves by tsunamis can reach great heights, so the potential energy of the ocean water increases greatly as a result.

when the waves fall from such heights, the GPE in the waves →KE as the waves approad the shore.

hence, the waves move at HIGH speeds + strike objects along the shore with GREAT force

what do tsunamis result in?

1. erosion of coastlines

2. damage pf buildings/ environment

3. loss of lives