Physics ASOS Science Olympiad test

Newton's 1st Law

The law of inertia; objects will stay in uniform motion unless acted upon by a net force.

Newton's 2nd Law

The law of force; acceleration of an object is proportional to the net force acting on it.

Newton's 3rd Law

The law of action and reaction; every action has an equal and opposite reaction.

Magnetic Force

Force between magnetic materials or moving electric charges.

Gravitational Force

The force of attraction between any two objects with mass.

Frictional Force

Force that acts against the motion of an object.

Applied Force

A force that is applied to an object.

Tension Force

Force transmitted when an object is pulled tight by forces acting on it.

Normal Force

Support force exerted by a surface which has an object resting on it.

Net Force is directly linked with

Acceleration.

Fundamental Nature

The fundamental aspect of a physical quantity that defines what is being measured.

Dimensions

A fundamental nature of a physical quantity (type of measurement, not numerical value).

Fundamental Dimensions

The building blocks for more complex dimensions.

Vectors

Quantities that have both magnitude and direction.

Scalars

Quantities that have only magnitude.

Magnitude

How much.

Scalars & Vectors are

Quantities used to describe dimensions.

Mass

How much something weighs; fundamental dimension, scalar.

Length

The distance between two points.

Time

What the clock reads.

Speed

How fast an object is moving; distance covered per unit time.

Acceleration

How quickly an object's speed changes over time.

Force

A push or pull on an object that can change its motion.

Energy

The ability to do work; exists as kinetic (movement) or potential (stored).

Work

The transfer of energy when a force moves an object over a distance.

Velocity

The rate of change of an object's position; includes direction.

Kelvin

SI unit for temperature.

Net Force

The sum of all forces acting on an object.

Potential Energy

Stored energy.

Released Energy

Energy that is released.

Force Derived Dimension

MLT^-2.

Force SI Unit

Newton (N).

Energy Derived Dimension

ML^2T^-2.

Energy SI Unit

Joule (J).

Work Derived Dimension

ML^2T^-2 (Force × displacement).

Work SI Unit

Joule (J).

Velocity Derived Dimension

LT^-1.

Velocity SI Unit

m/s (meters per second).