Unit 7 Part 2 AP psych test review

A simple thinking strategy that allows us to make judgements and solve problems efficiently

Heuristic

The inability to see a problem from a new perspective, be employing a different mindset

Fixation

A tendency to approach a problem in one particular way, often a way that has been successful in the past

Mental Set

Judging the likelihood of things in terms of how well they seem to match particular prototypes

Representativeness Heuristic

Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory; if instances come readily to the mind(more vivid), we presume events are common

Available Heuristic

The smallest distinctive sound unit

Phenome

WHORF’S hypothesis that language determines the way we think

Lingusistic Determination

A type of critical thinking where one evaluates existing possible solutions to a problem to choose the best one

Convergent Thinking

Type of creative thinking where one generated new solutions to problems; usually find multiple solutions

Divergent Thinking

A sudden realization of the solution to a problem; contrasts w/ strategy-based solutions

Insight

The smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or part of a ward(such as a prefix)

Morpheme

A set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, & sentences; The study of meaning

Semantics

Rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences

Syntax

Confirmation Bias

a tendency to search for information that supports our preconceptions and to ignore or distort contradictory evidence

Belief perseverance

clinging to one's initial conceptions after the basis on which they were formed has been discredited.