Clinical Lab Values and Exercise Guidelines

What is the normal fasting blood glucose range?

60-99 mg/dL

What fasting blood glucose level defines hypoglycemia?

Less than 70 mg/dL

What fasting blood glucose range indicates impaired glucose tolerance (insulin resistance)?

100-125 mg/dL

What fasting blood glucose level is diagnostic for Diabetes Mellitus?

Greater than 126 mg/dL

At what fasting blood glucose level should exercise be withheld (red flag)?

Less than 70 mg/dL or greater than 250 mg/dL

At what fasting blood glucose level is a patient at risk for diabetic ketoacidosis?

Greater than 300-350 mg/dL

What is the normal percentage for Glycosylated Hb (A1C)?

4%-6%

What Glycosylated Hb (A1C) level is considered abnormal and requires immediate insulin?

Greater than 7%

What is the normal arterial blood pH range?

7.35-7.45

What is the normal PaCO2 range on an ABG?

35-45 mmHg

What is the normal HCO3 range on an ABG?

22-26 mEq/L

What is the normal PaO2 range on an ABG?

60-100 mmHg

What is the normal target range for O2 saturation, and what minimum should be maintained during activity?

Normal: 95%-98%; Keep above 90% during activity

What is the normal reference range for Sodium (Na+)?

135-145 mEq/L

What is the normal reference range for Chloride (Cl-)?

95-105 mEq/L

What is the normal reference range for Potassium (K+)?

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

What is the normal reference range for Calcium (Ca2+)?

9-11 mg/dL

What is the normal reference range for Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN)?

10-20 mg/dL

What is the normal reference range for Serum Creatinine?

0.5-1.2 mg/dL

What is the normal reference range for Carbon Dioxide (CO2)?

20-29 mEq/L

What is the normal reference range for Magnesium (Mg2+)?

1.5-2.5 mEq/L

What is the normal Hemoglobin (Hgb) range for females?

12-16 g/dL

What is the normal Hemoglobin (Hgb) range for males?

13-18 g/dL

What is the normal Hematocrit (Hct) range for females?

36%-46%

What is the normal Hematocrit (Hct) range for males?

37%-49%

What is the normal reference range for Direct (Conjugated) Bilirubin?

0.1-0.3 mg/dL

What is the normal reference range for Indirect (Unconjugated) Bilirubin?

0.2-0.8 mg/dL

What is the normal reference range for Total Bilirubin?

0.3-1.0 mg/dL

What is the normal value for Urine Bilirubin?

0

What is the normal range for Serum Cholesterol?

150-250 mg/dL

What is the normal reference range for Total Protein?

6-8 g/dL

What is the normal reference range for Serum Albumin?

3.5-4.8 g/dL

What is the normal Prothrombin Time (PT)?

12-15 seconds

What effect does liver damage have on Prothrombin Time (PT)?

Prolongs PT

What is the typical Prothrombin Time (PT) for individuals taking anticoagulants?

Doubled (approx. 24-30 seconds)

What is the normal reference range for Platelets?

150,000-400,000/mm³

What is the normal target INR for an individual not on anticoagulants?

0.9-1.1

What fall precaution applies to a patient on anticoagulants with an INR >2.5?

Guard against falls

What clinical risk is associated with an INR >3.0?

Risk for hemarthrosis

What exercise restriction applies to an INR >4.0?

Increasing exercise routine may be contraindicated or modified; discuss with physician

What activity precaution applies to an INR >6.0?

Strict bed rest until corrected

What exercise guideline applies to a Platelet count <10,000/mm³ or temperature >100.5°F?

Hold therapy / no therapeutic exercise

What exercise guideline applies to a Platelet count of 10,000-20,000/mm³?

Therapeutic exercise permitted; stationary bike without resistance

What exercise guideline applies to a Platelet count >20,000/mm³?

Therapeutic exercise permitted; stationary bike with or without resistance

What exercise guideline applies to a Hemoglobin (Hgb) level <8 g/dL?

Essential ADLs only

What exercise guideline applies to a Hemoglobin (Hgb) level of 8-10 g/dL?

Essential ADLs (with assistance as needed), light aerobics, and light weights (1-2 lb)

What exercise guideline applies to a Hemoglobin (Hgb) level >10 g/dL?

Ambulation and self-care as tolerated; resistance and aerobic exercises permitted

What exercise guideline applies to a Hematocrit (Hct) <25%?

Essential ADLs only (assistance as needed for safety)

What exercise guideline applies to a Hematocrit (Hct) of 25%-35%?

Essential ADLs, light aerobics, and light weights (1-2 lb)

What exercise guideline applies to a Hematocrit (Hct) >35%?

Ambulation and self-care as tolerated; resistance and aerobic exercises permitted

What exercise guideline applies to a White Blood Cell (WBC) count <5,000/mm³ WITH fever?

No exercise permitted

What exercise guideline applies to a White Blood Cell (WBC) count >5,000/mm³?

Light exercise permitted with progression to resistive exercise