Lesson 2: Iterative Structures

Iterative Structures

Structures that cover While Loop, Do-while Loop, For Loop, Nested Loop, Break, and Continue.

While Loop

Repeats a block of statements while a given condition evaluates to true.

While Loop

Evaluates the condition before executing the loop body.

While Loop Syntax

while (expression) {
// statements
}

Expression in While Loop

A loop condition enclosed in parentheses in the While Loop

Expression in While Loop

Can be a relational or a logical expression that returns either a true or false value.

Loop Body

The statements enclosed in curly braces in the While Loop.

Loop Body

Can be either a simple statement or a compound statement.

Do–While Loop

Similar to a while loop but executes the loop body first before evaluating the expression.

Do–While Loop

The body is executed at least one before the expression is even evaluated.

Do–While Loop Syntax

do {
// statements
}
while (expression);

Do–While Loop

The expression appears at the end of the loop.

Do–While Loop

The statements in the loop are executed once before the expression is evaluated.

Do–While Loop

If the expression evaluates to true, control jumps back to the do statement.

Do–While Loop

The loop body executes repeatedly until the expression evaluates to false.

For Loop

Executes a sequence of statements multiple times.

For Loop

Abbreviates the code that manages the loop variable.

For Loop

Used when a definite number of loop iterations is required.

For Loop Syntax

for (initialization; condition; update) {
// statements
}

Initialization in For Loop

Indicates the starting value for the loop control variable.

Condition in For Loop

The loop condition that controls loop entry.

Update in For Loop

The expression that alters the loop control variable.

For Loop Parameters

Enclosed within parentheses in the For Loop.

For Loop Parameters

Separated by two (2) semicolons (;) in the For Loop

For Loop Parameters

What do you call the statements within the parentheses of the For Loop?
for(initialization; condition; update) {

Initialization

This executes first and only once in the first step of the For Loop

Condition

This is evaluated in the second step of the For Loop

Terminates

In the Step 2 of the For loop: If the loop condition evaluates to false, the loop _______.

Executes

In the Step 2 of the For loop: If the loop condition evaluates to true, the loop _______.

Nested Control Structures

Control statements that are placed within another control statement.

Nested Control Structures

Control structures in Java can be nested in many levels.

Nested Control Structures

Start and end braces must be placed correctly within the control structure.

Nested Loop

A loop placed inside another loop.

Nested Loop

It is used to print patterns or multiplication tables.

Outer Loop

It runs once and only iterates once the inner loop has broke or gotten past its condition.

Inner Loop

It runs all over again until a false value then breaks out of the loop, then goes out to the outer loop again and reiterates the outer loop.

Break

A control statement discussed under iterative structures.

Break

It is always used together with an If conditional statement

Break

It immediately terminates the innermost loop.

Break

It transfers execution to the next statement outside that block.

Break

It is commonly used in if statements within loops to exit prematurely based on a condition.

break;

It is the syntax of the break control statement.

Continue

It immediately ends the current iteration of a for, while, or do-while loop, skipping any remaining code, and jumps to the next iteration (or re-evaluates the loop condition)

Continue

It is commonly used within if statements to bypass specific, unwanted iterations without terminating the entire loop.

continue;

It is the syntax for the continue statement.