Functions and Classification of Bones

These flashcards encompass key concepts related to the functions, classifications, and components of bones.

What are the primary functions of bones?

Support against pull of gravity, protection from trauma, mineral and lipid storage, leverage, and hematopoiesis.

How is the skeleton divided?

The skeleton is divided into the axial skeleton and appendicular skeleton.

What is included in the axial skeleton?

Bones in the thoracic cage, vertebral column, and skull.

What bones are categorized as long bones?

Examples include femur, tibia, fibula, humerus, radius, ulna, and phalanges.

What are short bones and provide examples?

Chox-like bones, such as carpals and tarsals.

Describe flat bones and give examples.

Thin, flat, and curved bones, such as cranial bones, sternum, ribs, and scapulae.

What defines irregular bones?

Complex shapes, such as vertebrae and pelvis bones.

What are sesamoid bones?

Small and flat bones, such as the patella.

What are sutural bones?

Small and flat bones found between sutures of the skull.

What are the two major components of bone?

Inorganic components (minerals) and organic components (osteoid).

What do inorganic components of bone provide?

They provide crush resistance, primarily through minerals like Ca++, phosphorus, and hydroxyapatite crystals.

What do organic components of bone consist of?

They consist of osteoid, primarily collagenous fibers made of collagen, which provide flexibility and resistance to twisting.