self disclosure

Q: What is self-disclosure in romantic relationships?

A: Revealing personal information to a partner. Builds trust, intimacy, and emotional connection when used appropriately.

Q: What does the Social Penetration Theory (Altman & Taylor) suggest?

A: Self-disclosure is gradual and reciprocal. Deeper levels (e.g. fears, beliefs) lead to intimacy. Must be mutual.

Q: What are 'breadth' and 'depth' in self-disclosure?

A: Breadth = range of topics. Depth = personal significance. Both increase as a relationship develops.

Q: Why is reciprocity important in self-disclosure?

A: Mutual sharing of personal information builds trust and deepens connection. One-sided disclosure may hinder intimacy.

Q: What research supports self-disclosure's role in attraction?

A: Sprecher & Hendrick (2004): Couples with high self-disclosure more satisfied. Laurenceau: More disclosure = more intimacy.

Q: Is self-disclosure culturally universal?

A: No. E.g., USA discloses more than collectivist cultures like Japan. Sexual self-disclosure also varies by culture.

Q: How is self-disclosure applied in real life?

A: Helps improve communication in relationships and therapy. E.g., Stafford: Deeper disclosure helps long-term couples.

Q: What are the risks of excessive or poorly timed disclosure?

A: Can be off-putting or overwhelming. "Too much too soon" can damage early-stage relationships.

Q: What does research say about lack of self-disclosure?

A: Associated with relationship breakdown. Reduced self-disclosure = less intimacy and satisfaction.

Q: What did a study using diaries find about disclosure?

A: 15% past relationships, 25% family matters, 30% hopes/fears, 15% health concerns. 5% uncategorised. Shows variety.

Q: What might a 16-mark exam question ask on self-disclosure?

A: Define self-disclosure, explain its role in attraction, evaluate research (e.g., Sprecher), discuss risks and culture.