neurosci 3.2

The life cycle of a neurotransmitter includes various proteins that affect its action such as reuptake proteins, __, degradative enzymes, and autoreceptor proteins.

postsynaptic receptor

The three functions of autoreceptors include reducing NT release, monitoring __ levels, and regulating neuronal firing.

neurotransmitter

Ways to terminate a neurotransmitter's action include __ by reuptake, enzymatic degradation, and diffusion away from the synapse.

reuptake

Active mechanisms that terminate neurotransmitter action are important to prevent __ and maintain synaptic balance.

excessive signaling

For a neurochemical to be considered a neurotransmitter or neuropeptide, it must meet four requirements including being synthesized in the __.

neuron

Microdialysis and FSCV are techniques that measure the levels of neurotransmitters by detecting __ changes in chemical concentrations.

electrochemical

Receptor imaging techniques like PET work by __ radioactive ligands to visualize receptor binding.

administering

Advantages of receptor imaging include __ of real-time receptor activity, whereas disadvantages may include exposure to radiation.

non-invasive monitoring

Receptor binding assays measure __ to determine how drugs interact with receptors.

binding affinity

Direct agonists activate receptors directly while __ lead to receptor activation through other mechanisms.

indirect agonists

Drug selectivity refers to how specifically a drug targets receptors; to determine this, one can analyze a __ curve.

dose response

Receptor knock-out techniques eliminate receptors while __ reduce their expression without complete removal.

knock-down

Causal information about NTs/receptors is provided by techniques like __ which manipulate gene expression to understand functional roles.

pharmacology

An opsin is a light-sensitive protein, while a DREADD is a synthetic receptor designed for __ manipulation.

geographical