Urinary, Endocrine, Reproductive

Urinary system

responsible for removing certain wastes and excess water from the body

how many nephrons in the kidney

about one million

1,500 - 2,000 mL (1.5-2) quarts

How much urine is put out a day

incontenence

when you cant hold your urine

E. coli

what is the cause of cystitis (inflammation of the bladder)

males (8 in.) females (1.5 in.)

what is the difference between the male and female urethra

hematuria

blood in the urine

250 mL, or 1 cup

how much urine is in the bladder when you say “i have to pee”

pyelonephritis

Which disease is life threatening

renal calculus

medical term for kidney stones

uremia (azotemia), can cause kidneys to fail

waste in the blood stream and affects

nocturia

urination through out the night

10-12 inches

length of the ureters

rugae

the folds in the bladder

acute renal failure

this renal failure is caused by sudden shock or poisoning

urinary tract infection

more common in females due to the position of the urethra

secrete substances into ducts that lead to targeted tissues (sudoriferous glands & saliva)

the purpose of the exocrine glands

goes straight into the blood stream

purpose of the endocrine glands

it secretes hormones that control and coordinate many other endocrine glands in the body

the reason the pituitary gland is called the master gland

acromegaly

the condition that comes when somatotropin over secretes

regulates the amount of calcium in the blood

the reason we have parathyroid glands

hypothyroidism

under activity of the thyroid gland

hyperthyroidism

over activity of the thyroid gland

type 1 diabetes

needs insulin, pancreas does not work

type 2 diabetes

uses pills, pancreas is semi-working

vasopressin

crucial hormone that controls water balance and blood pressure in the body

hyperparathyroidism

over activity of parathyroid gland & parathormone

hypoparathyroidism

under activity of the parathyroid

goiter, bulging eyes, reddish rough skin,

characteristics of Graves Disease

death can occur if the larynx and respiratory muscles are involved

what can happen when you have hypoparathyroidism

surgery, medication, lifestyle & home care

things you do when someone has hyperthyroidism

produces insulin to regulate blood sugar levels, aids in digestion

function of the pancreas

skin turns bronze, fatigue, muscle weakness, weight loss

symptoms of addison’s disease

provide the fetus with nutrients

the role of the placenta during pregnancy

to produce new life

primary function of both the male and female reproductive system

testosterone

hormone made by the testes

to lower the temperature

the reason the scrotum is on the outside of the body

secretes lubricant for certain activities (iykyk)

purpose of the cowper’s (bulbourethral) gland

around the age of 15-16

the age that males should begin to exam their testicles

located at the outer ends of the fallopian tubes

where the fingerlike projections (fimbriae or cilia) around the ovaries are located

typically the ages of 11-12 but can be started as early as age 9

the age people should start to get their hpv vaccine

irritability, mood swings, anxiety, depression, trouble concentrating, sleep problems, bloating, breast tenderness, headache, acne, cravings, muscle pains

symptoms of PMS (premenstrual syndrome)

doesnt hurt, painless, sores, heals within several weeks

primary stage of syphilis

not an itchy rash, sore throat, fever, headache, fatigue, swollen glands, symptoms usually disappear within several weeks

second stage of syphilis

damage is irreversible

third stage of syphilis

protozoan

causes trichomonas

urethra

structure that serves as the urinary and reproductive passage in males

gonorrhea

known as the “clap”