MCERT Chemistry - Acids, Bases and Titrations

- How is the acidity of a substance determined?

by its ability to lose/gain hydrogen ions/electrons

- What are acids?

substances that react with bases and are proton donors

- What are bases?

substances that react with acids and are proton acceptors

- What is an alkali?

a soluble base

- What is a strong acid?

an acid which completely dissociates in water

- What is a weak acid?

an acid which only partially dissociates in water

- What is a strong alkali?

an alkali which completely dissociates in a solution

- What is a weak alkali?

an alkali which doesn't completely dissociate in a solution

- What occurs in a reaction between acids and bases?

bases neutralise acids to form salt + water and react with ammonium salts to release ammonia gas

- What pH are strong acids?

1-3

- What pH are weak acids?

4-6

- What pH is neutral?

7

- What pH are weak bases?

8-10

- What pH are strong bases?

11-14

- How do you prepare insoluble salts by precipitation?

Dissolve two soluble salts in water, mix together and then filter to remove the precipitate. Wash the residue and then leave in an oven to dry

- What compounds are soluble?

all nitrates, most sulfates, most bromides, chlorides and iodides, sodium and potassium carbonate and hydroxide

- What compounds are insoluble?

Lead sulphate, barium sulphate, silver and lead bromine, chloride and iodide, most carbonates and hydroxides

- What is solubility influenced by?

temperature, pressure, polarity and molecular size

- What is used to measure time?

stopwatch

- What is used to measure temperature?

thermometer

- What is used to measure mass?

balance scale

- What is used to measure volume?

pipette/burette/measuring cylinder