Water Quality Midterm - Chem Review

Molar Solution

1 Formula weight dissolved in water to make 1 liter of solution

Molal solution

1 Formula weight dissolved in 1 kilogram of water 

Normal Solution

 1 Equivalent weight dissolved in enough water to make 1 L of solution

Equivalent Weight

What needs to be conserved on both sides of a chemical equation?

Mass and Charge

Boyle’s Law

Volume of a gas varies inversely with its pressure at constant temperature.

Vapor Pressure

The presence of a nonvolatile solute in a liquid lowers the vapor pressure of the solution

Solubility Product

All solids, are soluble to some degree, no matter how insoluble

The smaller the K_sp

The lower its solubility

An Acid

Yields a proton (H⁺) when added to water

Base

Yields a hydroxide ion (OH^-) when added to water

Strong acids and bases

completely ionize and dissociate

Heat of fusion

heat required to melt a substance at its normal melting temperature

Heat of vaporization

heat required to evaporate the substance at its normal boiling point

pH

Hydrogen-ion concentration