chemestry reactivity of metals

OIL RIG

oxidation of loss of electrons gaining oxygen

reduction is gain of electrons losing oxygen

reduction

oxygen is removed from an element or compound

oxidation

oxygen is added to an element or compound

magnesium+oxyegen=

magnesium oxide 

what is the general equation for metal reacting with an acid

metal + acid → salt + hydrogen

what metals can react with a dilute acid

Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series will react with dilute acids.

The equation for the reaction of calcium with water

Ca (s) + 2H₂O (l) → Ca(OH)₂ (aq) + H₂ (g)

name of all the metals above carbon in reactivity series

• Potassium

• Sodium

• Lithium

• Calcium

• Magnesium

• Aluminium

name of all the metals below hydogen in the reactivity series 

• Copper

• Silver

• Gold

mnemonic to remember the reactivity series order from most to least reactive

elements in bold used to extract metals below it 

“Please send lions, cats, monkeys and cute zebras into hot countries signed Gordon”

Potassium, sodium, lithium, calcium, magnesium, carbon, zinc, iron, hydrogen, copper, silver and gold

what metals react with cold water 

Only metals above hydrogen in the reactivity series react with cold water.

what is the general for metal reacting with water 

metal + water → metal hydroxide + hydrogen

what is displacement 

Displacement occurs when a more reactive substance takes the place of a less reactive substance.

what is the product of iron reacting with silver nitrate solution.

iron(II) nitrate and silver.

Why does aluminium not readily react with water and acids?

• Aluminium does not readily react with water and acids because it has a protective layer of aluminium oxide.

State the method of extraction for metals above carbon in the reactivity series.

Metals above carbon in the reactivity series are extracted by electrolysis.

Which metals must be extracted by electrolysis?

• Metals that must be extracted by electrolysis are higher up the reactivity series (above carbon) and include aluminum, sodium, potassium, calcium, lithium and magnesium.

What is the extraction method for metals below carbon in the reactivity series?

• Metals below carbon in the reactivity series are extracted by heating / reduction with carbon.

In the extraction of metals by heating with carbon, does the metal undergo an oxidation or reduction reaction?

the metal undergoes a reduction reaction.

What is a metal ore?

• A metal ore is a rock that contains enough of a metal to make it worthwhile extracting.

What is the general equation for the reduction of a metal oxide by carbon?

metal oxide + carbon → metal + carbon dioxide

Define oxidation in terms of electrons.

• Oxidation is the loss of electrons.

Give the balanced symbol equation for the displacement of copper from copper(II) sulfate by zinc, including state symbols.

Zn (s) + CuSO₄ (aq) → ZnSO₄ (aq) + Cu (s)

What is a redox reaction?

A redox reaction is one where oxidation and reduction occur simultaneously.

Write the half equation for the oxidation of zinc atoms to form zinc ions, Zn²⁺.

Zn ⟶ Zn²⁺ + 2e^-

Write a half equation for the reduction of copper ions, Cu²⁺.

Cu²⁺ + 2e^- ⟶ Cu

Define the term spectator ions.

Spectator ions are ions that appear unchanged on both sides of a chemical equation and do not participate in the reaction.

Write the half equation for the reduction of lead(II) ions.

Pb²⁺ + 2e^- → Pb

Write the half equation for the oxidation of bromide ions.

2Br^- → Br₂ + 2e^-