microbiology

Photohetrotroph

An organisim that is able to use light energy to generate ATP but must take in organic compounds from the envorment as a sourse of carbon.

Photoautotroph

An organism that uses energy from the light to make organic molecules from inorganic sourses

Chemohetrotroph

an organism that must obtain organic molecules both for energy and as a carbon sourse

Chemoautotroph

An organism that is able to use energy obtained by chemical modifcations of organic compounds to synthisise organic compounds.

Oblongate areobes

organisms that are poisend by oxygen

Aerotolorant anerobe

A microorganism that dose not use oxygen but is not poisend by oxygen

Faculative anerobe

A microorganism that can use oxygen in aerobic respiration, obtain energy via anerobic fermintation or use inorganic chemical reactions to obtain energy.

Nitrogen Fixation

A specialised metabolic prosess in which certin prokareyotes use the enzyme nitrogenese to convert inhert atmospheric nitrogen gas

Heterotroph

An organism that canot produce organic molecules by using energy from inorganic sourses or light it must obtain one or more organic compounds from its enviorment.

Autotroph

An organism that has metabolic pathways that use energy from either inorganic molecules or light to make ogrganic molecules

Archea cell wall is made of

Protien

bacteria cell wall is made of

peptodoglycan

Chemotrophs

Use energy from chemical modifications of inorganic compunds. One modifcation is nitrifcation another is the oxidation of iorn sulfur and hydrogen

obligate anerobes

require oxygen for survial

aerotolorant anerobes

do not use oxygen to procure energy insted they use fermentaion or anerobic respiration which uses molecules other than oxygen for electron transfer prosess

some chemotrophs use __________ . the conversion of amonioa to obtain energy.

nitrifcation

the removal of nitrogen from the gassus phase is called_______

nitrogen fixation.

features of the fungal cell wall include

• composed of chitin

• facilitates asmtorohy

symbiosis

discribes all relationships in which one organism lives in close association with eachother

fungi typicaly have a tough cell wall that helps resist

high osmotic pressure

spores produced by fungi represent a magor adaptation to

terestiral habitat

the fungal body composed of branched hyphe

Mycelium

events in asexual reproduction in fungi

hyphal tips produce geneticaly identical spores which are dispersed and form new mycelua when they land in a sutable enviorment

spores produced by asexual reproduction

conidia

hyphal tips

can produce millions of conidia tips which are dispersed to form new mycelia

sexual reproduction in fungi differs from that in plants because

fungi do not produce eggs and sperm.

a common group of pathonogenic crop fungi named for their redish spots

wheat rusts

sexual reproduction in fungi is similar to that in plants because

• fertalisiation produces zygotes

• gametes unite to form the next generation

• meiosis produces spores.

Saccharomyces cerviside

is a good model organism because it is a ukaryote with a short life cycle.