Reactions of Metal Ions in Aqueous Solution

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Flashcards for reviewing the reactions and colors of metal ions in aqueous solutions for A-level Chemistry.

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23 Terms

1
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[Cu(H2O)6]2+(aq)

Copper (II) ion: appears as a blue solution.

2
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[Fe(H2O)6]2+(aq)

Iron (II) ion: appears as a green solution.

3
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[Fe(H2O)6]3+(aq)

Iron (III) ion: appears as a purple solution (may look yellow-brown due to [Fe(H2O)5(OH)]2+(aq)

4
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[Al(H2O)6]3+(aq)

Aluminium (III) ion: appears as a colourless solution.

5
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[CO(H2O)6]2+ (aq)

Cobalt (II) ion: appears as a pink solution

6
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Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Reaction with Copper (II)

Forms a blue precipitate of [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] (s)

7
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Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Reaction with Iron (II)

Forms a green precipitate of [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) that turns brown on standing in air.

8
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Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Reaction with Aluminium (III)

Forms a white precipitate of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s), on excess becomes colourless solution of [Al(OH)4]- (aq)

9
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Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Reaction with Iron (III)

Forms a brown precipitate of [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)

10
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Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH) Reaction with Cobalt (II)

Forms a blue precipitate of [Co(H2O)4(OH)2] (s)

11
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Ammonia (NH3) Reaction with Aluminium (III)

Forms a white precipitate of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)

12
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Ammonia (NH3) Reaction with Iron (III)

Forms a brown precipitate of [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s)

13
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Ammonia (NH3) reaction with Copper (II)

Forms a blue precipitate of [Cu(H2O)4(OH)2] (s), and on addition of excess forms deep blue solution of [Cu(H2O)2(NH3)4]2+ (aq)

14
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Ammonia (NH3) reaction with Iron (II)

Forms a green precipitate of [Fe(H2O)4(OH)2] (s) which goes brown on standing in air

15
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Ammonia (NH3) reaction with Cobalt (II)

Forms a blue precipitate of [Co(H2O)4(OH)2] (s), and on addition of excess forms pale brown solution of [Co(NH3)6]2+ (aq).

16
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Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Reaction with Iron (III)

Forms a brown precipitate of [Fe(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) and CO2 gas evolved

17
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Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Reaction with Aluminium (III)

Forms a white precipitate of [Al(H2O)3(OH)3] (s) and CO2 gas evolved

18
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Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Reaction with Copper (II)

Forms a blue-green precipitate of [CuCO3] (s)

19
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Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) Reaction with Iron (II)

Forms a green precipitate of [FeCO3] (s)

20
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Sodium Carbonate (Na2CO3) reaction with Cobalt (II)

Forms a purple precipitate of [CoCO3] (s)

21
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Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) Reaction with Copper (II)

Produces a yellow solution of [CuCl4]2- (aq)

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Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) reaction with Cobalt (II)

Produces a blue solution of [CoCl4]2- (aq)

23
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Ammonium Vanadate (V) - NH4VO3 - reduction by zinc under acidic conditions

V(V) is [VO2(H2O)4]+ (aq), yellow

V(IV) is [VO(H2O)5]2+ (aq), blue

V(III) is [V(H2O)6]3+ (aq), green

V(II) is [V(H2O)6]2+ (aq), purple.